Joints

Question 1

Features of anatomical position

Answer 1

Head facing forwards, standing upright, upper limbs by sides, lower limbs straight etc

Question 2

Cross show anatomy always shows

Answer 2

inferior

Question 3

what is a joint

Answer 3

Union between two or more rigid components

Question 4

Rigid components in joints

Answer 4

Bones or cartilage

Question 5

how many rigid components needed in a joint

Answer 5

can be more than two

Question 6

Why do we need joints

Answer 6

Movement and growth

Question 7

Types of joints

Answer 7

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 8

What are fibrous joints

Answer 8

dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 9

what are fibrous tissues under tension

Answer 9

strong

Question 10

Sultures

Answer 10

fibrous joints between flat bones

Question 11

syndesmosis

Answer 11

slightly movable fibrous joint in which bones such as the tibia and fibula are joined together by connective tissue

Question 12

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 12

layers of cartilage inbetween bones

Question 13

Two types of Cartilaginous joints

Answer 13

Synchondroses (primary)

Symphyses (secondary)

Question 14

Synchondroses (primary)

Answer 14

Allow for bone growth in long bones

Question 15

what disappears in adults

Answer 15

Synchondroses joints

Question 16

How many types of cartilage does Synchondroses have

Answer 16

one

Question 17

what happens to Synchondroses joints

Answer 17

eventually ossify

Question 18

What cartilaginous joint doesn’t ossify with age

Answer 18

Symphyses

Question 19

where is Symphyses located

Answer 19

between the left and right pubic bones near the midline of the body

Question 20

What offer a little bit movement Symphyses or Synchondroses joints

Answer 20

Symphyses

Question 21

what are Intervertebral discs made of

Answer 21

fibrocartilage

Question 22

function of a Intervertebral disc

Answer 22

act as a shock absorber, keeping vertebrate separate

Question 23

where is Intervertebral disc found

Answer 23

in-between vertebrae in the spinal column

Question 24

what is Articular cartilage

Answer 24

the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints

Question 25

Articular cartilage made of

Answer 25

hyaline cartilage

Question 26

What offers greatest movement

Answer 26

synovial joints

Question 27

Synovial joints also contain

Answer 27

Articular discs
Ligaments
Bursae

Question 28

Different synovial joints

Answer 28

Hinge, ball & socket, pivot, plane, saddle, and condylar

Question 29

Lower limb compared to upper limb

Answer 29

more rotation in medial direction

Question 30

extension and flexion

Answer 30

different movements in upper and lower limbs

Question 31

Joint stability dependant on

Answer 31

Shape of articulating surfaces
Fibrous capsule & ligaments
Muscles

Question 32

anastomoses

Answer 32

lots of branching of blood vessels, following different paths

Question 33

Proprioception

Answer 33

body awareness without looking

Question 34

what is Hilton’s law

Answer 34

The nerve supplying a muscle that crosses a certain joint, also innervates this joint.

Question 35

Joint pathologies

Answer 35

Trauma
Arthritis
Craniosynostosis

Question 36

what is Craniosynostosis

Answer 36

abnormal deformed skull growth that nerves can comprehend due to increased pressure within the skull

Question 37

symptoms of Craniosynostosis

Answer 37

persistent headaches, learning difficulties, eye problems etc

Question 38

What do joints have

Answer 38

rich blood and nerve supply