Week 6 Pathology

Question 1

lack of differentiation = ____________

Answer 1

anaplasia

Question 2

dysplasia

Answer 2

loss in the uniformity of individual cells and in their architectural oriientation

Question 3

carcinoma in situ

Answer 3

marked dysplastic changes involving the entire thickness of the epithelium

Question 4

Benign - give definition

Histologically what do you see?

Answer 4

Local cannot spread by invading or metastasis, without metastatic potential, remains localized.
Problems due to local growth, secretion of hormones or rupture.

Histology: cells well-differentiated, no invasion

Question 5

1. Why do we know much more about autocrine signaling in cancer than paracrine signaling?
   A. Autocrine signaling is much more important in cancer progression.
   B. Paracrine signaling in a native tissue is difficult to access experimentally.
   C. Exogenous growth factors do not work when added to cultured cells.
   D. The number of paracrine signaling molecules is limited.

Answer 5

B. Paracrine signaling in a native tissue is difficult to access experimentally.

Question 6

2. What is the best explanation for why most cancer cells express only moderately high levels of potent oncogenes, rather than very high levels?
   A. Because cancer cells that grow slowly are most successful.
   B. Because cancer cells that grow too fast are found more easily by the immune system.
   C. Because high levels of oncoproteins inhibit angiogenesis.
   D. Because high levels of oncoproteins can provoke senescence or apoptosis.

Answer 6

D. Because high levels of oncoproteins can provoke senescence or apoptosis.