Chapter 15 Practice Test

Question 1

The ____ is the layer of the atmosphere nearest to Earth’s surface

Answer 1

troposphere

Question 2

The ______ are windless zones near the equator

Answer 2

doldrums

Question 3

In the water cycle, evaporated water _____

Answer 3

condenses into clouds

Question 4

_____ is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Answer 4

radiation

Question 5

electrically-charged particles are found primarily in the _____

Answer 5

ionosphere

Question 6

The _____ are responsible for the movement of much of the weather across the United States.

Answer 6

prevailing westerlies

Question 7

the _____ merges into outer space

Answer 7

exosphere

Question 8

too much exposure to ______ can cause skin cancer

Answer 8

ultraviolet radiation

Question 9

air in the ____ is warmed by heat from Earth’s surface

Answer 9

troposphere

Question 10

_____ is the transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material

Answer 10

convection

Question 11

the _____ is cause by earth’s rotation

Answer 11

coriolis effect

Question 12

air above the _____ is heated more than any other place on earth

Answer 12

equator

Question 13

chlorofluorocarbons destroy the ozone layer by _____

Answer 13

destroying ozone molecules

Question 14

steady winds between the equator and 30 degrees latitude north or south are known as _____

Answer 14

trade winds

Question 15

air currents that blow near the north and south poles are the

Answer 15

polar easterlies

Question 16

reflection and absorption by the atmosphere prevent some ____ from reaching earths surface

Answer 16

radiation

Question 17

sea and land breezes happen because ____

Answer 17

the land heats and cools more quickly than water

Question 18

the distinct wind patterns on earths surface are created by the ____ and the coriolis effect

Answer 18

differences in heating

Question 19

temperatures in the thermosphere are ____

Answer 19

very warm

Question 20

_____ is the only substance that exists as a solid, liquid, and gas in earth’s atmosphere

Answer 20

water

Question 21

transfer of energy through space

Answer 21

radiation

Question 22

transfer of energy through contact

Answer 22

conduction

Question 23

transfer of heat by causing differences in air density

Answer 23

convection

Question 24

transfer of energy from land and water to air by direct contact

Answer 24

conduction

Question 25

transfer of energy from the sun to earths surface

Answer 25

radiation

Question 26

most common gas in air

Answer 26

nitrogen

Question 27

caused when pollutants mix with oxygen and other chemicals in the presence of sunlight

Answer 27

smog

Question 28

zero to four percent of air

Answer 28

water vapor

Question 29

21% of the atmosphere

Answer 29

oxygen

Question 30

normally found in the upper stratosphere

Answer 30

ozone

Question 31

over which material does air heat faster, water or sand?

Answer 31

sand

Question 32

over which material does air cool faster, water or sand?

Answer 32

sand

Question 33

how can temperature of sand and water affect climate of the area

Answer 33

effects the movement of cool & warm air in the area

Question 34

how does this information explain the difference between land and sea breezes

Answer 34

it shows that land cools faster than water and warms faster

Question 35

which gas makes up about one-fifth of earths atmosphere

Answer 35

oxygen

Question 36

about what percent of earths atmosphere does water make up

Answer 36

0-4%

Question 37

how could you express the amounted nitrogen in earth’s atmosphere as a fraction

Answer 37

3/4 or 4/5

Question 38

you can’t see, touch, or smell the ozone layer, why is it important to you?

Answer 38

the ozone layer is important because it protects us from the Suns ultraviolet radiation

Question 39

many cities are trying to reduce their smog levels, why?

Answer 39

smog pollute the air, harms plants, and damages our lungs

Question 40

where is the air pressure greatest, at sea level or on a mountaintop?

Answer 40

sea level because air pressure decreases as altitude increases, and there’s remote molecules pushing down

Question 41

if you were standing at the equator, which way would the cold air be coming from the South Pole appear to be moving

Answer 41

counter-clockwise

Question 42

three things can happened the radiation that earth receives from the sun. what are they?

Answer 42

1) some will go back towards space
2) absorbed by land & water
3) absorbed by the atmosphere