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History > South African War > Flashcards

South African War Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Britain go to war

A
  • needed to secure Cape Sea-route
  • discovery of gold (didn’t want power to shift to Boers)
  • British prestige (status reputation) world power
  • Britain’s desire to establish federation of states loyal to Britain
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2
Q

Who was the British high commissioner

A

Sir Alfred Milner

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3
Q

What did Sir Alfred want from the Boers

A

Reform in Transvaal on war

Vote given to British uitlanders

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4
Q

Why was there British-Boer rivalry over Cape and Natal

A
  • strategic military value

- part en-route to the east

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5
Q

What was the Treaty of Vienna

A

British control of the cape

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6
Q

What was the great trek

A

The act of the Boers moving inland because they did not like the British policies on race/colour equality.
They moved to the what was called the Transvaal and the Orange free state

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7
Q

What was there an increased demand for when gold was discovered

A

Labor
Capital
Transport
Industrial infrastructure

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8
Q

Where was gold discoverd

A

Transvaal

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9
Q

What was the Anglo-Zulu war

A

The Zulus refused labor and to pay taxes

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10
Q

What did Britain annex (take over)

A

Natal

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11
Q

Who were the Uitlanders

A

British foreigners in transvaal who were

  • skilled workers
  • traders
  • fortune hunters
  • managers
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12
Q

What did president Kruger do because of the concerns he had

A

He passed a law which said that the Uitlanders could only get citizenship and voting rights after 14 years residence

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13
Q

Why did Uitlanders want the right to vote

A

They felt that they were contributing to the community and should have the same rights as the Boers

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14
Q

Who planned the Jameson Raid

A

Cecil John Rhodes (prime minister)
Colonial secretary (secretly)
British troops in Botswana

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15
Q

Who lead the Jameson Raid

A

Dr Leander Starr Jameson

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16
Q

Why did the Jameson Raid fail

A
  • during Christmas/new years people busy

- Transvaal government heard about

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17
Q

What were the consequences for the Jameson Raid

A

1) Transvaal knew Britain was coming for them
2) they armed themselves (German rifles; ammunition; artillary)
3) British-Boer relations damaged
4) Rhodes resigned as Prime minister
5) Britain condemned internationally

18
Q

Who was sent by the British to reform in Transvaal on war and give the right to vote to British Uitlanders

A

Sir Alfred Milner

19
Q

What were the two arguments proposed in the Bloemfontein conference?

A

Milner - 5 years for the right to vote

Kruger - 2-7 on a sliding scale for the right to vote

20
Q

Who was the Transvaal president

A

Kruger

21
Q

Who was the Orange Free state president

A

Steyn

22
Q

What did Kruger and Steyn plan to do after the Bloemfontein Conference

A

Attack the British and initiate the war before the British reinforcements could arrive

23
Q

Why was it good for Britain that the Boers had initiated the war

A

Britain saved face because the could blame the entire war on the Boers

24
Q

What kind of warfare was used in the first phase of the war

A

Conventional warfare

25
Q

What were the Boer victories during phase 1

A 
Natal
Dundee
Ladysmith 
Northern Cape
(Cut railway line)
Kimberley
Mafiking
26
Q

Who did Britain send for the British advances during phase 1

A

Field Marshall Lord Roberts

27
Q

What did Lord Roberts take back during phase 1

A

Kimberley

Ladysmith

28
Q

Where did Lord Roberts have victory in

A

Bloemfontein (capital of Orange Free State)

Johannesburg and Pretoria

29
Q

When didLord Roberts have full control over South Africa

A

September

30
Q

Where did Kruger go into exile to

A

Mozambique

31
Q

what warfare was used in phase. Of the war

A

Guerrilla warfare

32
Q

Who were the Boer leaders in phase 2 of the war

A

Koos de la Ray
Christian de wet
Jan Smutts
Louis Botha

33
Q

what did the Boers attack in phase 2 of the war

A 
Railway lines
Supply columns 
Depos
Bridges
Telegraph wires
34
Q

What did the Boer women do during phase 2 of the war

A

Look after men
Sheltered men
Gave medical care

35
Q

What was Britain’s response to the guerrilla warfare during Phase 2

A

Scorched Earth policy

36
Q

Who was the new British commander during phase 2

A

Lord Kitchener

37
Q

How did Lord Kitchener deprive food and support from the Boer men

A

Burning farm houses
Burning crops
Kill livestock
Drive Boer women and children into the veld

38
Q

Who was in the concentration camps

A

Women and children

Black laborer

39
Q

Who tried raising awareness for the concentration camps in Britain

A

Emily Hobhouse

40
Q

What were block houses

A

A trap for the boers

Had telegraph; telephone; and barbed wire

History (3 decks)

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