chapter 46: antihyperlipidemics Flashcards
desirable range for cholesterol
150-200
desirable range for triglycerides
40-150
LDL range
less than 100
HDL range healthy
greater than 60
bile acid-sequestriants MOA
what are the three drugs?
bile acid sequestriant that reduces LDL cholesterol levels by binding with bile acids in the intestines.
cholestyramine
colesevelam
colestipol
BILE can be COLd
fibrates (fibric acid)
they are more effective at reducing
fenofibrate
gemfibrozil
more effective at reducing triglyceride and VLDL levels than reducing LDL
during antihyperlipidemic therapy, what should be reduced and what should be closely moitored?
anticoagulant dose should be reduced and INR closely monitored because the drug is highly protein bound and competes with protein sites
nicotinic acid or niacin does what?
reduces VLDL and LDL. very effective at lowering cholesterol levels
eztemibe is a ______ _______ _____ that acts on these to prevent this
cholesterol absorption inhibitor that works on the cells in the small intestine to inhibit cholesterol absorption
homocysteine
a protein that has been found as a by product of meat, cheese, eggs and has been linked to a higher occurence of cardiovascular disease, stroke and alzheimers disease a normal range of homocysteine is 4-17 mmol/L (fasting). it may also promote blood clotting
high sensitivity C-reactive protein
this test is able to predict whether or not the pt is at a high risk for CAD. the reference values are .175, low risk <1 moderate 1-3 and high risk greater than 3
it is produced in the liver as a response to tissue injury and inflmmation
side effects of cholestyramine
constipation and peptic ulcer
side effects of nicotinic acid (aka niacin)
flushing of skin and itching
side effects of statins
muscle weakness (rhabdomyolysis) and increase in liver enzyme levels
patients with liver problems should not take this drug
statin
