structure of the earth

Question 1

what is geology?

Answer 1

the study of the earth’s interior

Question 2

how do scientists study the inside of the the earth?

Answer 2

seismic waves

Question 3

what are sound waves caused by?

Answer 3

earthquakes

Question 4

what are the three layers of the earth?

Answer 4

crust, mantle, and core

Question 5

what is the outer layer?

Answer 5

the crust

Question 6

what is the crust made of?

Answer 6

rock

Question 7

how thick is the crust?

Answer 7

22 miles

Question 8

why is the crust only visible in a few places?

Answer 8

the soil and sediments cover it

Question 9

what is the crust made of?

Answer 9

46.6% oxygen and 27.7% silicon

Question 10

what’s the middle layer?

Answer 10

mantle

Question 11

what is the mantle studied with?

Answer 11

seismic waves

Question 12

why do scientists only study the mantle with seismic waves?

Answer 12

no one has been there

Question 13

how thick is the mantle?

Answer 13

1800 miles

Question 14

what is the mantle’s composition like?

Answer 14

the crust’s

Question 15

what happens when you go farther in the mantle?

Answer 15

the density increases

Question 16

what is the outer layer of the mantle made of?

Answer 16

solid rock

Question 17

what are the rocks in the mantle like?

Answer 17

syrupy

Question 18

why are the rocks in the mantle syrupy?

Answer 18

the high temperatures and pressure

Question 19

what are the syrupy rocks called?

Answer 19

plastic rock

Question 20

what happens when you go deeper in the mantle?

Answer 20

it gets hotter

Question 21

how hot is it in the upper edge of the mantle?

Answer 21

900°

Question 22

how hot is it in the lower edge of the mantle?

Answer 22

6700°

Question 23

what is plastic rock always doing?

Answer 23

moving

Question 24

where do the hottest rocks go?

Answer 24

rise to the upper portion

Question 25

as the mantle cools, what does the the plastic rock do?

Answer 25

sinks down in a circular motion

Question 26

with what does the upper mantle moves?

Answer 26

the crust of the tectonic plates

Question 27

what make up the tectonic plates?

Answer 27

the lithosphere

Question 28

where is the asthenosphere?

Answer 28

under the lithosphere

Question 29

what is in the asthenosphere?

Answer 29

plastic rock

Question 30

what occurs in the asthenosphere?

Answer 30

convection

Question 34

how thick is the core?

Answer 34

4000 miles

Question 35

where does the core begin?

Answer 35

the bottom of the mantle

Question 36

how hot is the outer part of the core?

Answer 36

9000°

Question 37

why is the outer part of the core 9000°?

Answer 37

high temperature, its liquid, and it’s made of molten iron and nickel

Question 38

what is the inner core made of?

Answer 38

iron and nickel

Question 39

why is the inner core made of iron and nickel?

Answer 39

pressure

Question 40

what are the ppsi’s of the core?

Answer 40

52 miles ppsi and 14.7 ppsi at sea level

Question 41

how thick is the oceanic crust?

Answer 41

2-3 miles

Question 42

how thick is the continental crust?

Answer 42

22 miles

Question 43

how thick is the lithosphere?

Answer 43

450 miles

Question 44

what is the lithosphere made of?

Answer 44

crust and solid part of the mantle

Question 45

what is the outer core’s function?

Answer 45

to emit the magnetic field

Question 46

what does the magnetic field do?

Answer 46

protects the earth in a bubble

Question 47

what would happen if we didn’t have the field?

Answer 47

life wouldn’t exist