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Biomedical Terminology > Ch 15 - Musculoskeletal System Terminology > Flashcards

Ch 15 - Musculoskeletal System Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

calc/o,

calci/o

A

calcium

ex. hypercalcemia - excessive calcium in the blood
ex. decalcification - the process of making less calcium

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2
Q

kyph/o

A

humpback, hunchback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region)

ex. kyphosis - abnormal condition of humpback or hunchback

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3
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of the vertebral arch)

ex. laminectomy - removal of the lamina

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4
Q

lord/o

A

curve, swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)

ex. lordosis - abnormal condition of anterior curvature in the lumbar region

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5
Q

lumb/o

A

loins, lower back

ex. lumbar - p. the lower back
ex. lumbosacral - p. the lower back and sacrum

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6
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

ex. myelopoiesis - formation of bone marrow

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7
Q

orth/o

A

straight

ex. orthopedics - physicians who treat bone, joint, and muscle conditions

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8
Q

oste/o

A

bone

ex. osteitis - inflammation of bone
ex. osteodystrophy - defective bone development
ex. osteogenesis - formation of bone

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9
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked, bent (lateral curvature)

ex. scoliosis - the spinal column is bent abnormally to the side

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10
Q

spondyl/o (used to make words about conditions of the structure)

A

vertebra

ex. spondylosis - degeneration of intervertebral disks

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11
Q

vertebr/o (used to describe the structure itself)

A

vertebra

ex. vertebroplasty - surgical repair of the vertebra

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12
Q

-blast

A

embryonic or immature cell

ex. osteoblast - immature bone cell that builds up bone

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13
Q

-clast

A

to break

ex. osteoclast - bone cell that breaks down bone tissue

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14
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

ex. spondylolisthesis - the forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower vertebra

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15
Q

-malacia

A

softening

ex. osteomalacia - softening of bone

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16
Q

-physis

A

to grow

ex. epiphysis - the end of a long bone

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17
Q

-porosis

A

pore, passage

ex. osteoporosis - loss of bony tissue

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18
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

ex. osteotome - instrument to cut bone

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19
Q

acetabul/o

A

acetabulum (hip socket)

ex. acetabular - p. the acetabulum

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20
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneus (heel)

ex. calcaneal - p. the calcaneus

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21
Q

carp/o

A

carpals (wrist bones)

ex. carpal - p. the carpals

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22
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle (collar bone)

ex. supraclavicular - p. above the clavicle

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23
Q

cost/o

A

ribs (true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs)

ex. subcostal - p. below the ribs

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24
Q

crani/o

A

cranium (skull)

ex. craniotomy - incision into the cranium

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25
Q

femor/o

A

femur (thigh bone)

ex. femoral - p. the femur

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26
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula (smaller lower leg bone)

ex. fibular - p. the fibula

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27
Q

humer/o

A

humerus (upper arm bone)

ex. humeral - p. the humerus

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28
Q

ili/o

A

ilium (upper part of pelvic bone)

ex. iliac - p. the ilium

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29
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium (posterior part of the pelvic bone)

ex. ischial - p. the ischium

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30
Q

malleol/o

A

malleolus (process on each side of the ankle)

ex. malleolar - p. the malleolus

31
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible (lower jawbone)

ex. mandibular - p. the mandible

32
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla (upper jawbone)

ex. maxillary - p. the maxilla

33
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpals (hand bones)

ex. metacarpectomy - removal of the metacarpals

34
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsals (foot bones)

ex. metatarsalgia - pain of the metatarsals

35
Q

olecran/o

A

olecranon (elbow)

ex. olecranal - p. the olecranon

36
Q

patell/o

A

patella (kneecap)

ex. patellar - p. the patella

37
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis (hipbone)

ex. pelvimetry - measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis

38
Q

perone/o

A

fibula

ex. peroneal - p. the fibula

39
Q

phalang/o

A

phalanges (finger and/or toe bones)

ex. phalangeal - p. the phalanges

40
Q

pub/o

A

pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone)

ex. pubic - p. the pubis

41
Q

radi/o

A

radius (forearm bone-thumb side)

ex. radial - p. the radius

42
Q

scapul/o

A

scapula (shoulder blade)

ex. scapular - p. the scapula

43
Q

stern/o

A

sternum (breastbone)

ex. sternal - p. the sternum

44
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals (bones of the hindfoot)

ex. tarsectomy - removal of tarsals

45
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia (shin bone)

ex. tibial - p. the tibia

46
Q

uln/o

A

ulna (forearm bone-little finger side)

ex. ulnar - p. the ulna

47
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff

ex. ankylosis - condition of joint stiffening

48
Q

arhtr/o

A

joint

ex. arthroplasty - surgical repair of a joint
ex. arthrotomy - incision into a joint
ex. hemarthrosis - condition of bleeding into joint spaces
ex. hydrathrosis - synovial fluid collects abnormally in a joint
ex. polyarthitis - inflammation of many joints

49
Q

articul/o

A

joint

ex. articular cartilage - connective tissue that covers the surface of a joint

50
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

ex. bursitis - inflammation of bursa

51
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

ex. achondroplasia - defect in cartilage and bone formation
ex. chondrosarcoma - malignant tumor of the cartilage
ex. chondromalacia - softening of cartilage

52
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

ex. ligamentous - p. a ligament

53
Q

rheumat/o

A

watery flow

ex. rheumatologist - specialist of joint problems

54
Q

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

ex. synovitis - inflammation of the synovial membrane

55
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

ex. tenorrhaphy - suture of a tendon

56
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

ex. tendinitis - inflammation of a tendon

57
Q

-desis

A

to bind, tie together

ex. arthrodesis - bones are fused across the joint space by surgery

58
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

ex. spinal stenosis - narrowing of the spinal canal

59
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia (forms sheaths enveloping muscles)

ex. fasciotomy - incision of the fascia

60
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous connective tissue

ex. fibromyalgia - pain in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue

61
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs

ex. leiomyoma - tumor of smooth muscle
ex. leiomyosarcoma - malignant tumor of smooth muscle

62
Q

my/o

A

muscle

ex. myalgia - muscle pain
ex. electromyography - the recording of electrical activity of muscle tissue
ex. myopathy - disease of muscle

63
Q

myocardi/o

A

heart muscle

ex. myocardial - p. the hear muscle

64
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

ex. myositis - inflammation of muscle

65
Q

plant/o

A

sole of the foot

ex. plantar flexion - downward movement of the foot

66
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal (striated) muscle connected to bones

ex. rhabdomyoma - tumor of skeletal muscle
ex. rhabdomyosarcoma - malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

67
Q

sarc/o

A

muscle and flesh

ex. sarcopenia - deficiency of muscle mass and strength

68
Q

-asthenia

A

lack of strength

ex. myasthenia gravis - condition causing abnormal weakness of muscles

69
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

ex. atrophy - decrease in size of an organ or tissue
ex. hypertrophy - increase in size of an organ or tissue
ex. amyotrophic - p. degeneration of nerves in the spinal cord

70
Q

ab-

A

away from

ex. abduction - movement away from the midline of the body

71
Q

ad-

A

toward

ex. adduction - movement toward the midline of the body

72
Q

dorsi-

A

back

ex. dorsiflexion - upward movement of the foot

73
Q

poly-

A

many, much

ex. polymyalgia - pain of many muscles

Biomedical Terminology (37 decks)

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