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science mak > Yr 9 science Final Exam > Flashcards

Yr 9 science Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

An element is?

A

A element is atoms that all have the same number of protons in their nucleus

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2
Q

A compound is

A

A compound is a combination of different elements into a single unit

Give example -water h20 carbon dioxide CO2

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3
Q

What is an Atom?

A

The smallest single unit of an element

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4
Q

What is a proton

A

It’s a tiny particle that has a positive charged particle inside the nucleus

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5
Q

Define electron

A

It’s a negative particle that revolves around the outside of the atoms nucleus

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6
Q

A neutron is?

A

It’s a particle of matter that has no charge

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7
Q

A nucleus of an atom contains what?

A

Protons and neutrons

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8
Q

The charge of the nucleus is?

A

Positive

Because ?
The nucleus of an atom contains protons ( positive charge) and neutrons( no charge ) so the overall charge is positive .

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9
Q

Most of the weight of an atom is where?

A

In the nucleus of the atom

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10
Q

Metals are located where on the periodic table

A

Left side

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11
Q

Non metals are located where on the periodic table

A

Right side

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12
Q

Metalloids are located where on the periodic table ?

A

In between metals and non metals .

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13
Q

Define Matter?

A

Matter is a substance it’s anything that takes up space .
eg:everything around you - people, food, cars etc
All the atoms and molecules around you

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14
Q

The size of an atom is determined by what?

A

The orbit of electrons around the nucleus

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15
Q

The atomic number of an atom explains how many protons are in a nucleus true or false

A

True

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16
Q

The atomic mass of an atom is the total number of ?

A

Protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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17
Q

The early Greek model of the atom was that matter was made of what

A

Small indivisible units that could not be seen and the smallest piece of matter

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18
Q

Ernest Rutherford discovered that the nucleus of atoms was big compared to the size of atom
T or F

A

False

They were very small compared to the size of atom

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19
Q

What is a alpha particle

A

It is a helium nucleus

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20
Q

What does an alpha particle contain

A

Two protons and two neutrons
Why?
Because it has no electrons it has a charge of 2+

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21
Q

What is a beta particle

A

It is a negatively charged particle

What is it commonly referred to ? A fast moving electron

22
Q

The periodic table lists atoms in order of increasing what?

A

Atomic number

23
Q

Where on the periodic table is The alkali group?

A

Group 1

24
Q

Where are the alkaline earths located in the periodic table

A

Located in group two

25
Q

The noble gases are group 8 in the periodic table. The outer electron shell of noble gases always contains

A

A gases
B a full shell of electrons
C a particle
D single unit

26
Q

Do the number of electrons and protons in an atom stay the same

A

True

The negative charge cancels out the positive charge

27
Q

When the number of electrons and protons are not the same it is no longer an atom .. What is it?

A

An ion

28
Q

Gases are located where on the periodic table

A

The right side .

The gases in group 8 are known as what? The noble gases

29
Q

How many electrons do the elements in group 1 have?

A

One electron in the outermost shell

30
Q

Do the elements in group four of the periodic table have four electrons in the outermost shell t or f

A

True

31
Q

When magnesium is burned in air what new chemical is formed

A

Magnesium oxide

32
Q

When acid is added to magnesium what gas is produced

A

Hydrogen
What is the test for this gas called ? The pop test , because when hydrogen is captured in a test tube it causes a lit match to pop.

33
Q

When acid is added to calcium carbonate what gas is produced

A

Carbon dioxide

34
Q

When you add ice to a chemical reaction what happens

A

It makes the reaction go slower

35
Q

List five ways to increase the speed of a chemical reaction

A

Heating , pressure, surface area, type of reactants, concentration of reactants

36
Q

The cloud model of an atom is best explained as what?

A

A small nucleus around which the electrons circulate but there position is unknown

37
Q

Tell ME the difference between a molecule and a compound

A

A molecule is formed when 2 or more atoms join together chemically
A compound is a molecule that has 2 different elements

So all compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds

38
Q

A neutralisation reaction occurs when what are combined

A

Equal amount of acid and base

39
Q

Burning a chemical in the presence of oxygen is called a what reaction

A

A combustion reaction

40
Q

Isotopes of an element are different because of what

A

Because they have different numbers of protons

41
Q

Why is ionising radiation dangerous

A

Because it can cause damage to human cells and can result in cancer

42
Q

Radioactivity is the emission of two particles what are the particles

A

Beta particles and alpha particles
Or
Gamma waves from an atom

43
Q

The half life of a radioactive element is the time it takes for the radioactivity of the atoms to

A

A split
B half
C decay
D dance

44
Q

How many number of atoms in a molecule of glucose

A

24

6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen

45
Q

Neutral solutions have a ph equal to

A

7

46
Q

Acidic solutions have a ph level of less than

A

A 4
B7 answer
C 8
D 2

47
Q

What solution has a ph level of more than 7

A

A basic solution

48
Q

A inventor called Mendeleev invented what

A

The periodic table

49
Q

List 3 common acids

A

Sulphuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid

50
Q

List a common base

A

Sodium hydroxide also known as caustic soda

51
Q

A Geiger counter is used to detect what

A

Radiation

52
Q

Carbon dating can only be used on what type of materials

A

On materials that were once living

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