Lect 3 Brainstem

Question 1

3 divisions of brain stem

Answer 1

midbrain
pons
medulla
much of midbrain is hidden by temporal lobes

Question 2

Cranial nerves 1-12

Answer 2

Olfactory - 1
Optic- 2
Oculomotor - 3 
Trochlear - 4
Trigeminal - 5
Abducens - 6
Facial - 7
Vestibulocochlear - 8
Glossopharyngeal - 9
Vagus - 10
Spinal Accessory - 11
Hypoglossal - 12

10 of twelve emerge through brain stem

Question 3

Phrase to help remember cranial nerves

Answer 3

Oh once one takes the anatomy final very good vacations are heavenly

Question 4

CN 1

Answer 4

olfactory

enters into anterior fossa, only nerve associated with anterior fossa

Question 5

foramen magnum

Answer 5

spinal cord opening in the fossa

Question 6

CN 2

Answer 6

optic

passes from the orbit into the middle cranial fossa; carries visual information

Question 7

CN 3

Answer 7

Oculomotor
emerge from the brainstem within the posterior cranial fossa, travel forward to reach theh middle cranial fossa and pass through foramen in the middle cranial fossa in order to exit the cranial cavity

Question 8

CN4

Answer 8

trochlear
emerge from the brainstem within the posterior cranial fossa, travel forward to reach theh middle cranial fossa and pass through foramen in the middle cranial fossa in order to exit the cranial cavity

Question 9

CN5

Answer 9

Trigeminal
emerge from the brainstem within the posterior cranial fossa, travel forward to reach theh middle cranial fossa and pass through foramen in the middle cranial fossa in order to exit the cranial cavity

Question 10

CN 6

Answer 10

AbVestibulocducens
emerge from the brainstem within the posterior cranial fossa, travel forward to reach theh middle cranial fossa and pass through foramen in the middle cranial fossa in order to exit the cranial cavity

Question 11

CN 7

Answer 11

facial
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 12

CN 8

Answer 12

vestibulocochlear
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 13

CN 9

Answer 13

Glossopharyngeal
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 14

CN 10

Answer 14

Vagus
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 15

CN 11

Answer 15

Spinal Accessory
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 16

CN 12

Answer 16

Hypoglossal
emerge from brainstem in the posterior cranial fossa, they course for a short distance and exit the cranial cavity via foramen in the posterior cranial cavity

Question 17

Brainstem

Answer 17

tectum
tegmentum
basal portion

Question 18

tectum

Answer 18

dorsal; posterior to the ventricular spaces

Question 19

tegmentum

Answer 19

mid-region; anterior to the ventricular spaces

the reticular formation is location==ed with the tegmentum

Question 20

basal portion

Answer 20

ventral region

Question 21

Reticular formation

Answer 21

complex neural network in the core of the medulla, pons and midbrain that regulates neural activity throughout the CNS

Question 22

Reticular formation function

Answer 22

1. important in regulating respiratory cardiovascular and other visceral functions (via projections to hypothalamus, brainstem nuclei and lateral horn of the spinal cord)
2. influences alertness, attention, motivation (via projections to brain regions that serve these functions (prefrontal cortex)
3. influences motor movement (via projections to nuclei of the basal ganglia and via the reticulospinal tract)

Question 23

Extensive projections in the pontine reticular formation of single stained neuron

Answer 23

axon that bifurcates and ends in wide areas of the CNS, reaching the anterior horn of the spinal cord, nucleus gracilis, periaqueductal gray, hypothalamus, thalamus and multiple levels of the reticular formation