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Ap Euro History > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q 
For eighteenth-century Europeans rights were usually \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ rights.
A. civil 
B. individual 
C. community 
D. personal property
A

C. community

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2
Q 
In eighteenth-century Europe, the nobility consisted of approximately \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the population.
A. 1 to 5 percent 
B. 5 to 10 percent 
C. 10 to 15 percent 
D. 15 to 20 percent
A

A. 1 to 5 percent

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3
Q 
The smallest, wealthiest, and best-defined aristocracy resided in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Britain
B. Spain
C. France
D. Germany
A

A. Britain

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4
Q 
The Russian Charter of the Nobility was issued by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Peter the Great
B. Ivan IV
C. Empress Anna
D. Catherine the Great
A

D. Catherine the Great

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5
Q 
French nobles were divided between nobles “of the sword” and nobles “of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.”
A. church
B. crown
C. robe
D. blood
A

C. Robe

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6
Q 
The Polish szlachta, compared to the English nobility, were \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. less numerous
B. much more powerful
C. relatively weak
D. declining in power
A

B. much more powerful

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7
Q 
The economic basis of eighteenth-century life was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. land
B. regional trade
C. industry
D. international trade
A

A. land

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8
Q 
Most Europeans in the 1700s took part in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ economy.
A. family 
B. urban craft 
C. factory 
D. commercial
A

A. family

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9
Q

In the 1700s, being a servant was generally _________.
A. close to slavery
B. a temporary condition
C. a necessary condition of social inferiority
D. for life

A

B. a temporary condition

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10
Q 
During the eighteenth century, bread prices \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. fluctuated wildly
B. declined
C. remained the same
D. slowly but steadily rose
A

D. slowly but steadily rose

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11
Q 
Between 1700 and 1800, Europe’s population rose from 100–120 million people to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ million people.
A. about 520 
B. about 310 
C. almost 190 
D. almost 150
A

C. almost 190

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12
Q 
Introduced from the New World, what new product allowed a more certain food supply in Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own?
A. wheat
B. squash
C. potato
D. corn
A

C. potato

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13
Q 
The single largest free-trade area in Europe during the eighteenth century was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Italy
B. Spain
C. France
D. Great Britain
A

D. Great Britain

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14
Q 
What industry pioneered the Industrial Revolution?
A. textiles
B. housing
C. transportation
D. food processing
A

A. Textiles

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15
Q 
The Industrial Revolution came first to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. the Netherlands
B. Germany
C. Britain
D. France
A

C. Britain

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16
Q

In the years between 1600 and 1750, the cities that grew most vigorously were ________.
A. capitals and ports
B. military forts and capitals
C. industrial cities and ecclesiastical cities
D. ports and cities bordering the national line

A

A. capitals and ports

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17
Q 
The bourgeoisie was the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ class.
A. urban middle
B. rural middle
C. urban elite
D. laboring
A

A. urban middle

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18
Q

The largest single group in eighteenth-century cities was composed of________.
A. clergy
B. the unemployed
C. shopkeepers, artisans, and wage earners
D. merchants

A

C. shopkeepers, artisans, and wage earners

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19
Q 
In the eighteenth century and thereafter, the Jewish population of Europe was concentrated in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Germany, Poland, and Ukraine
B. Germany, Poland, and Hungary
C. Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine
D. Hungary, Lithuania, and Germany
A

C. Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine

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20
Q 
What inventor became famous for using an iron plow and planting wheat with a drill?
A. Charles Townsend
B. James Watt
C. Jethro Tull
D. Robert Bakewell
A

C. Jethro Tull

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21
Q 
Who was permitted to hunt for game according to traditional ways of the Old Regime?
A. peasants
B. clergymen
C. military officers
D. landowners
A

D. landowners

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22
Q 
The idea that luxury would not lead to moral decay was supported by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. David Hume
B. Robert Jacques Turgot
C. Josiah Wedgwood
D. Emelyan Pugachev
A

A. David Hume

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23
Q 
Women were particularly vulnerable to disease and death resulting from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. puerperal fever
B. meningitis
C. smallpox
D. typhoid
A

A. puerperal fever

24
Q 
The leader of the brutally suppressed Russian rebellion in 1773 and 1775 was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. David Hume
B. Emelyan Pugachev
C. Josiah Wedgwood
D. Robert Jacques Turgot
A

B. Emelyan Pugachev

25
Q 
The first engine using steam power was invented by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. James Watt
B. Matthew Boulton
C. John Wilkinson
D. Thomas Newcomen
A

D. Thomas Newcomen

26
Q

The term “Old Regime” has come to refer to the ________.
A. gradual transition of Europe’s monarchies to that of democracies and republics
B. economic policies that existed across Europe before the eighteenth-century Industrial Revolution
C. social, political, and economic relationships in Europe just prior to the French Revolution
D.social and political infrastructure that existed before the Protestant Reformation

A

C. social, political, and economic relationships in Europe just prior to the French Revolution

27
Q 
French nobles were technically responsible for payment of the vingtième, which resembles what modern-day tax?
A. income tax
B. property tax
C. sales tax
D. municipal tax
A

A. income tax

28
Q 
In preindustrial Europe, the economy of a household that developed on farms, in artisans’ workshops, and in small merchants’ shops was known as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ economy.
A. household 
B. domestic 
C. family 
D. merchant
A

C. family

29
Q

In preindustrial Europe, the dominant concern of married women was ________.
A. producing enough children
B. child rearing
C. producing enough farm goods to ensure an adequate food supply
D. domestic duties such as cooking, cleaning, and sewing

A

C. producing enough farm goods to ensure an adequate food suppl

30
Q

The Dutch exemplified which of these responses to population growth?
A. monetary incentives for small families
B. birth control
C. establishing overseas colonies
D. increasing agricultural productivity

A

D. increasing agricultural productivity

31
Q 
Factory production of purely cotton fabric was made possible by the invention of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. water frame
B. spinning jenny
C. pulling-out system
D. steam engine
A

A. water frame

32
Q

The steam engine was revolutionary because it _________.
A. replaced oil with petroleum as a fuel
B. removed the European dependence on fossil fuels
C. made transportation possible
D. provided a virtually unlimited source of power

A

D. provided a virtually unlimited source of power

33
Q

Given what you know about the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the lives of women, which of the following statements is most applicable?
A. The role and importance of women already in the work force diminished.
B. Women clung to their traditional roles and would not, despite social pressures, work in factories.
C. Women were unable to work in factories with the same output and effectiveness as their male counterparts.
D. The economic freedoms women gained during the industrial revolutions carried over to the early years of the suffrage movement.

A

A. The role and importance of women already in the work force diminished.

34
Q

Which of the following was a clearly defined long-term result of the shift in female employment?
A. Women, as a group, made little or no economic contribution to Europe’s economy.
B. Women’s work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.
C. Women were closely involved the new technologies in farming, transportation, and manufacturing.
D. Women’s wage-earning potential was valued.

A

B. Women’s work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.

35
Q 
In the 1700s, the middle classes were distinguished from the nobility by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. where the two groups lived
B. inherited privilege
C. wealth
D. involvement in commerce
A

B. inherited privilege

36
Q

Until the late eighteenth century, European Jews who did not convert to Christianity ________.
A. were accepted as equals by Christians
B. were discriminated against
C. were among the most powerful social groups
D. enjoyed a good standard of living as a group

A

B. were discriminated against

37
Q 
Which of these is generally related to neolocalism?
A. early marriage
B. later marriage
C. extended families
D. Protestantism
A

B. later marriage

38
Q 
For girls that became servants, this work was generally \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. a prelude to marriage
B. a career
C. considered demeaning
D. a welcome escape from the family
A

A. a prelude to marriage

39
Q

British leadership in the Industrial Revolution is largely due to _________.
A. emigrants from Louis XIV’s France
B. favorable conditions
C.dominance of Ireland and Scotland
D. the influence of a handful of influential men

A

B. favorable conditions

40
Q

What persuaded people to bathe regularly toward the middle of the eighteenth century?
A. Physicians believed that bathing the pores would allow miasma to infect the body.
B. Linen became more popular than woolen clothing, which meant wearers had to be cleaner.
C. Women had less time for housework and wanted to enjoy leisure pursuits.
D. New ideas about the benefits of bathing on good health.

A

D. New ideas about the benefits of bathing on good health.

41
Q

How were Jewish children singled out for persecution?
A. Their goods were confiscated.
B. They could not go to school.
C. They were not permitted to follow their religious traditions.
D. They could be taken from their homes and given Christian instruction.

A

D. They could be taken from their homes and given Christian instruction.

42
Q

Why did middle-class people show an increased interest in Wedgwood’s fine porcelain?
A. Wedgwood’s quality was very good.
B. Middle-class people began to do more entertaining.
C. Wedgwood’s porcelain dishes were cheaper than other dishes.
D. Middle-class people admired the porcelain sold to the aristocracy and wanted to have something similar for themselves.

A

D. Middle-class people admired the porcelain sold to the aristocracy and wanted to have something similar for themselves.

43
Q 
The change that rationalized the use of land and created higher productivity was the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. enclosure laws
B. commercial revolution
C. bread riots
D. Agricultural Revolution
A

D. Agricultural Revolution

44
Q 
The rapid growth of capital cities between 1600 and 1750 was tied to what other development?
A. centralization of power
B. industrialization
C. colonization
D. the Agricultural Revolution
A

A. centralization of power

45
Q

What did the introduction of maize and the potato represent for Eastern Europe?
A. frequent crop failure
B. a significant nutritional gain and agricultural change
C. significantly more work for serfs
D. increases in agricultural taxes

A

B. a significant nutritional gain and agricultural change

46
Q 
The use of wet nurses was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. an economic necessity for many women
B. a luxury for wealthy women
C. a sign of a neglectful mother
D. the first step toward child abandonment
A

A. an economic necessity for many women

47
Q 
What event probably marks the start of the age of the ghetto?
A. the Habsburg wars
B. the Industrial Revolution
C. the Agricultural Revolution
D. the expulsion of the Jews from Spain
A

D. the expulsion of the Jews from Spain

48
Q 
Which analogy makes an accurate connection?
A. Watt to the steam engine
B. Wedgwood to the spinning jenny
C. Colt to new marketing techniques
D. Jethro Tull to porcelain dishes
A

A. Watt to the steam engine

49
Q

How did the North American colonies impact the Industrial Revolution?
A. They increased demand for consumer goods.
B. They drew skilled workers away from the Industrial Revolution.
C. Technologies from North America were introduced to Europe.
D. The gold from the colonies caused inflation that crippled industrialization in Britain.

A

A. They increased demand for consumer goods

50
Q 
Landlords considered Russian serfs to be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. priceless agricultural specialists
B. economic commodities 
C. an endless supply of tax revenue
D. responsible professionals
A

B. economic commodities

51
Q 
In the 1700s, urban riots were generally \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 
A. radical and violent
B. politically motivated
C. led by immigrants
D. conservative and spontaneous
A

D. conservative and spontaneous

52
Q

The aristocratic resurgence was a sign that the _________.
A. aristocrats of Europe were no longer a political force
B. position of Europe’s nobility was being challenged
C. Industrial Revolution was over
D. French Revolution would be bloody

A

B. position of Europe’s nobility was being challenged

53
Q

The painting Robert Andrews and His Wife illustrates what traditional linkage of the Old Regime?
A. commerce and the middle class
B. the nobility and servile labor
C. land and nobility
D. inherited privilege and an urban lifestyle

A

C. land and nobility

54
Q

The price of Russian rulers’ concessions to the nobles of Russia was ________.
A. military weakness
B. the growing power of the Orthodox church
C. the end of serfdom
D. persistent harsh conditions for Russian serfs

A

D. persistent harsh conditions for Russian serfs

55
Q 
In which of these would you be most likely to encounter small, nuclear households?
A. Italy
B. the Netherlands
C. Poland
D. Russia
A

B. the Netherlands

Ap Euro History (17 decks)

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