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USH > Chapter 9 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Samuel F.B Morse

A

built the electromagnetic telegraph

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2
Q

specialization

A

raising one or two cash crops (no longer self-sufficient)

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3
Q

market revolution

A

because of specialization people bought and sold goods rather than make them for personal use

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4
Q

capitalism

A

the economic system where private businesses & individuals control means of production (like factories or land)

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5
Q

entrepreneur

A

investors that give their own funds to create capital - they risked their own money

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6
Q

Leonard Gale

A

assisted Samuel Morse in building the electromagnetic telegraph

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7
Q

Charles Goodyear

A

invented vulcanized rubber

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8
Q

Elias Howe

A

invented Singer sewing machine

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9
Q

telegraph

A

sent messages across wire (Samuel Morse)

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10
Q

John Deere

A

invented the steel plow so Midwest could be cleared and farmed and horses not oxen could be used

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11
Q

Cyrus McCormick

A

invented the mechanical reaper

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12
Q

manifest destiny

A

the belief that the USA’s destiny was to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory

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13
Q

middle ground

A

land that neither Indian nor white man dominated

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14
Q

Treaty of Laramie

A

Indians can live in central plains but cannot attack settlers (government didn’t always follow)

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15
Q

Santa Fe Trail

A

busy and well-known settler trail moving west between Missouri and New Mexico

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16
Q

Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

A

went to Oregon territory to set up mission schools for Indians conversion to Christianity

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17
Q

Oregon Trail

A

began in Missouri and ended in Oregon

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18
Q

Mormons

A

the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

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19
Q

Joseph Smith

A

founded the Mormon religion and was murdered while he was in jail for destroying an enemy’s printing press

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20
Q

Brigham Young

A

Smith’s successor who moved Mormons to Utah to escape religious persecution

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21
Q

Ashburton Treaty of 1844

A

resolved border disputes between USA and Britain for Maine and Minnesota and made Oregon a joint occupation

22
Q

Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!

A

American slogan for wanting complete control of Oregon Territory that Britain gave up becasue fur trade dwindled

23
Q

Stephen F. Austin

A

led first group of settlers to Mexican province Texas (invasion :o :P )

24
Q

land grants

A

Mexico offered these to Americans so they’d come for cheap land if they obeyed Mexican rules and religion

25
Q

Texas’s Old Three Hundred

A

group of Anglo settlers in Texas under the empresario (agent) Austin

26
Q

Anglo

A

English speaking

27
Q

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (who and relationship with Austin)

A

Mexican president Austin petitioned to for a greater self-government in Texas

28
Q

Texas Revolution

A

multiple rebellions in Texas after Santa Anna jailed Austin and removed local authorities from power

29
Q

Alamo

A

an abandoned fort where a battle between Texans and Santa Anna ending with Santa Anna wiping out nearly all including Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie

30
Q

Goliad Victories

A

Santa Anna’s execution of 300 rebels

31
Q

Battle of San Jacinto

A

defeat of Santa Anna after Alamo and Goliad defeats

32
Q

Sam Houston

A

led Texans to defeat Santa Anna and was the first president of the Republic of Texas

33
Q

Treaty of Velasco

A

forced sign from Santa Anna to give up Texas to be independent

34
Q

Republic of Texas

A

independent away from USA and Mexico WHEN established

35
Q

annex

A

to incorporate : in context of the Republic of Texas asking the USA to annex them into the states after they had made up their own constitution based on the state’s

36
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

skilled general that didn’t want to fight Mexican war along with many others

37
Q

James K. Polk

A

U.S president with high territorial aspirations

38
Q

John Sidell

A

Spanish speaking emissary sent to Mexico to purchase California and New Mexico and Texas to the Rio Grande river

39
Q

Zachary Taylor

A

a general sent to march with troops to the Rio Grande and blockade the river; also captured Monterrey, Mexico

40
Q

James Russell Lowell

A

a strong abolitionist

41
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

outlawed slavery in lands that might be gained from Mexico

42
Q

John C. Fremont

A

led an exploration party through Mexico’s Alta California province and revolt in 1845

43
Q

War with Mexico

A

first foreign war for America

44
Q

Stephen Kearny

A

a colonel that led troops to gain New Mexico and California “the Long Marcher”

45
Q

Winfield Scott

A

when Santa Anna took back the army and turned on Taylor, Scott captured Veracruz and later Mexico City

46
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

between Mexico and States that agreed to Rio Grande being border and allowed CA and NM to join USA and payment for Mexican cession of lower states of today

47
Q

Gadsen Purchase

A

established current borders of lower 48 states

48
Q

James Marshall

A

discovered gold in CA at Sutter’s Mill

49
Q

forty-niners

A

prospectors who came to mine gold

50
Q

gold rush

A

um. self-explanatory

51
Q

John O’Sulivan

A

writer emphasizing manifest destiny

52
Q

Zachary Taylor and ???

A

2 Whig generals that ran for President

USH (5 decks)

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