What Is Sociology

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Way of life past on from generations.

Question 2

Generation

Answer 2

People living in the same time period.

Question 3

Laws

Answer 3

Formal, written rules which shape and guide our behaviour. Also with a set punishment.

Question 4

Norms

Answer 4

Informal, unwritten rules which shape and guide our behaviour. Special to our particular culture. No punishment but frowned by society.

Question 5

Roles

Answer 5

Special patterns of behaviour expected of people in different situations. E.g, daughter at home, student in school.

Question 6

Values

Answer 6

Shared by society. What is good or bad, right or wrong. E.g, believe it is right for society to care for those unable to look after themselves

Question 7

Society

Answer 7

Group of people with common interests and distinctive culture

Question 8

Sub-culture

Answer 8

Smaller culture held by a group of people within the main culture of society. E.g, British Muslims practice their own religion but are also part of British Culture

Question 9

Social science

Answer 9

Developing theories, do practical research, collect and analyse data and reach conclusions

Question 10

Social Research

Answer 10

Act of studying groups in society

Question 11

Consensus

Answer 11

General state of agreement

Question 12

Socialisation

Answer 12

Lifelong process of learning your culture

Question 13

Disagree and conflict

Answer 13

Control and power is not shared equally among people. Decide what others should do.

Question 14

Canalisation

Answer 14

Being channeled in a particular direction. E.g, blue and pink

Question 15

Feminist

Answer 15

Believes that men and women share the same status and opportunities

Question 16

Patriarchy

Answer 16

Society dominated by men

Question 17

Social stratification

Answer 17

Different groups placed at different levels.

Question 18

Gender

Answer 18

Different social and cultural differences between sexes. Masculinity, femininity

Question 19

Ethnicity

Answer 19

Characteristics shared between a group of people who share the same culture, history and identity

Question 20

Social control

Answer 20

Persuaded to obey the rules and conform

Question 21

Social class

Answer 21

Structure of society. Social status measured by such things as occupation and income

Question 22

Strata

Answer 22

Layers showing particular characteristics. Different from those above and below.

Question 23

Multi-cultural society

Answer 23

Contains many different ethnic groups

Question 24

Primary socialisation

Answer 24

Informal process of learning the norms and values of your culture. First starts in the home

Question 25

Secondary socialisation

Answer 25

Continuation from primary socialisation. An agent of this is school, through the formal curriculum

Question 26

Social mobility

Answer 26

Social groups to move up and down the social ladder

Question 27

Quantitative data

Answer 27

Information presented in statistical or numbers form and can be “measured” in one way. E.g, age

Question 28

Qualitative data

Answer 28

Presented by words in texts or quotation. R.g, opinions on a subject

Question 29

Primary data

Answer 29

First- hand information collected by you

Question 30

Secondary data

Answer 30

Information collected by others

Question 31

Participant observation

Answer 31

Actively involved in the group’s activities.

Question 32

Non-participant observation

Answer 32

Observe and not take part

Question 33

Overt observation

Answer 33

Know you are observing

Question 34

Covert observation

Answer 34

“Undercover” don’t know you’re observing

Question 35

Social survey

Answer 35

Sociologists systematically gathering information about some group of people. Done by using questionnaires and interviews.

Question 36

Sampling

Answer 36

Questioning a selection of people from a large group

Question 37

Random sample

Answer 37

Sampling frame where everyone has an equal chance of being chosen. Allocated a number, computer chooses a number at random

Question 38

Stratified sample

Answer 38

Mirror the distribution of particular groups in your larger population. E.g, large is 60% girls and 40% then the sample must include 60% girls and 40% boys

Question 39

Systematic sample

Answer 39

Choose every 10th or 15th person on the list

Question 40

Quota sample

Answer 40

Set your quote controls such as age, gender, ethnicity or social class

Question 41

Snowball sample

Answer 41

Giving questions to whoever appears available

Question 42

Structures interviews.

Answer 42

Formal. Based on pre-coded questions, the interview does not prove beyond the basic answered received.

Question 43

Unstructured interview

Answer 43

Open-minded questions or simply a list of topics the interviewer wishes to discuss

Question 44

Closed questions

Answer 44

Limited number of possible answers and respondent has to chose from an option

Question 45

Open questions

Answer 45

No pre-set choice of answers. Respondent can answer however they like

Question 46

Graded response questions

Answer 46

How much they agree with the questions and can record their responses on a scale of day 1-6

Question 47

Pilot study

Answer 47

A trial run of the final survey, idioms fewer people. Can find out whether the questions are understandable.

Question 48

Ethical considerations

Answer 48

Making sure that the research is not offending or harming anyone