Module 1

Question 1

A patient presents with poor short term memory loss, bumps into structures and gets lost easily.
Which area of the brain would most likely be the culprit?

Answer 1

Hippocampus

Question 2

Abnormalities in diurnal cortisol rhythm combined with a lack of smell and short term memory
problems can be key warning signs for which neurodegenerative disease?

Answer 2

Alzheimer ’s disease

Question 3

Which neurological structure plays a primary role in turning off the HPA Axis?

Answer 3

Hippocampus

Question 4

Fear, anxiety and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder are associated with dysfunction of which
neurological structure?

Answer 4

Amygdala

Question 5

Noradrenalin is used to improve focus by stimulating which structure?

Answer 5

Pre-Frontal Cortex

Question 6

Diurnal cortisol rhythm is regulated by which two neurological structures?

Answer 6

Pineal gland and Hippocampus

Question 7

The pineal, and hence melatonin, are greatly influenced by which aspect of the colour spectrum?

Answer 7

Blue light

Question 8

What is the primary influence on Aldosterone production?

Answer 8

Sodium potassium ratio

Question 9

Which hormone signals the pituitary to release ACTH?

Answer 9

CRH

Question 10

Which hormone signals Zone 1 and 2 of the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol?

Answer 10

ACTH

Question 11

Adaptogens have their affect on which structure in the HPA Axis feedback loop?

Answer 11

Primarily the hippocampus

Question 12

Cortisol stimulation of the hippocampus elevates which neurotransmitter?

Answer 12

Glutamate

Question 13

The Locus Coeruleus is the primary source of production for which neurotransmitter?

Answer 13

Noradrenalin

Question 14

Aerobic exercise can rehabilitate the hippocampus through the elevation of which hormone?

Answer 14

BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF, FGF-2

Question 15

Blockage of the Vitamin D Receptor has what affect on the HPA Axis?

Answer 15

Elevates Cortisol

Question 16

List 5 conditions that are red flags for HPA Axis dysfunction…..

Answer 16

Anxiety, Depression, Autoimmune disease, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes

Question 17

List 5 factors that make a patient high risk for HPA Axis problems

Answer 17

Athletic body type, blonde hair, curly hair, fair, thin arms/legs with round stomach, Athlete, new mum

Question 18

The HPA Axis dysfunctional patient will tend to feel how after activity?

Answer 18

Sleepy

Question 19

The sympathetic dominant patient will tend to have what happen to their heart rate on activity?

Answer 19

Rapid elevation

Question 20

Vague pain that exists in the upper QL/12th rib region is often due to dysfunction of which
structure?

Answer 20

Rogoff’s – Adrenal dysfunction

Question 21

A negative SMP means there is no dysfunction of the Adrenal glands? (True/False)

Answer 21

False, this is a viscerosomatic reflex only. The test is sensitive, but not specific!

Question 22

Pupils that are slow to constrict on direct light reflex are associated with dysfunction of which
structure?

Answer 22

Adrenal Dysfunction

Question 23

Give 3 situations that can result in anisocoria

Answer 23

Hemispheric imbalance, Horners syndrome, glaucoma

Question 24

Why is saliva the preferred method of assessment for adrenal Cortisol function?

Answer 24

Non-bound hormone, stable at room temperature, performed at home at regular stress level

Question 25

Adrenal treatment is usually directed towards the adrenal NL or the adrenal NV?

Answer 25

Neurovascualr

Question 26

The emotionally stressed patient will have a positive SMP? (True/False)

Answer 26

Not necessarily. Emotion does not necessarily equal physiological stress

Question 27

The emotionally stressed patient will often present with which type of headache?

Answer 27

Tension headaches

Question 28

Failure of the Deep Tendon Reflex to inhibit an antagonist is associated with dysfunction of which
neural structure?

Answer 28

1a Interneuron

Question 29

Enterobacter has what affect on gastrointestinal pH?

Answer 29

Lowers, elevates acidity level through increased H+

creation

Question 30

Enterobacter infection can produce which cranial fault? What is the associated muscle?

Answer 30

Sagital Suture, Rectus abdominus

Question 31

List 3 ways of assessing HPA Axis function

Answer 31

Diurnal cortisol, AK muscle testing, Algometry

Question 32

List 3 ways of assessing ANS function

Answer 32

Pupils, HRV, Blood pressure challenge

Question 33

Switching can be caused by deficiency of which protein?

Answer 33

Metalothionein

Question 34

The usual vector for correction of an adrenal fixation is in what direction?

Answer 34

Inferiorly or Caudad

Question 35

Post Ganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic transmission requires which
neurotransmitters?

Answer 35

Sympathetic – Adrenalin Parasympathetic - Acetylcholine

Question 36

Cerebral cortex tends to predominantly drive sympathetic or parasympathetic function?

Answer 36

Parasympathetic

Question 37

Aldosterone and ADH changes are often associated with which meridian?

Answer 37

Circulation Sex