Polymerisation Flashcards
How are addition polymers formed and give the same of the reaction and the conditions involved
They are formed from alkenes
They join together in the presence of high pressure and a ziegle-Natte catalyst
It’s an addition reaction
Using le chateliers principle state the favourable conditions for polymerisation
The best yield is obtained at a low temperature
The best yield is at a high pressure
What polymer forms when a a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diol and state the name of the reaction
A polyester forms and the reaction that occurs is called a condensation
In a polyester bond what is the name of the bond that forms
It’s called an ester bond
C=O-O
What polymer forms when a dicarboxylic acid is reacted with a diamine
A polyamide forms and it’s an example of condensation reaction
In a polyamide what is the bond called
Amide or peptide link
What is formed when two amine acids react with one another
The resulting molecule is called a dipeptide
In condensation reactions what is released other than polymers
H2O
In dipeptide what is the bond called
A peptide bond
State some of the characteristics of polyalkenes
They are insoluble in water,and are very unreactive so don’t undergo an reactions (so they are chemically inhert
They have high melting and boiling points,as due to having a long chain so wan der waals between them are strong
What is an issue with polyalkenes unreactivity
It means they don’t decompose easily in nature and so are therefore non biodegradable and so are differcult to dipose of
State some characteristics of condensation polymers
They strength of the intermolecular forces are enhanced by hydrogen bonding
They are biodegradable as they contain polar bonds which can be hydrolysed
How are polyesters best hydrolysed and what is produced
They are best hydrolysed in strong alkaline conditions in which they undergo saponification (2Naoh on equation)
A carboxylate salt is produced,diol and water is formed
In what conditions are polyamide and proteins best hydrolysed in and what is produced
Strong acidic conditions
2n HCL
Ammonium salt of amine
Give 3 issue of recycling non-biodegradable polymers
When burying in landsites they are unsightly and unhygenic and they fill up
If burnt they can release toxic and greenhouse gases
Recycling them is a problem as the process costs a lot of money
