Midterm 2: CH 2, 3, 5, 6

Question 1

oral tradition (Aboriginal)

Answer 1

communication between others and other life forms, rituals, past visions, dreams)

Question 2

important symbols (Aboriginal)

Answer 2

Inuksuk, Wampum belt, Totem pole, meetings, etc

Question 3

media bias (Innis)

Answer 3

media may have bias’ toward time or space which affect the complex interrelationships needed to sustain an empire/society

Question 4

time bias (Innis)

Answer 4

media templates and foundation are based on the outlooks, values, and understanding of the time period

Question 5

space bias (Innis)

Answer 5

media is influenced and based on the medium in which it can be produced and published

Question 6

oral society

Answer 6

people are governed by the knowledge vested in the community and specifically preserved by certain members of society

Question 7

literate society

Answer 7

the operating concepts and processes in a society were derived from the written rather than the spoken world

Question 8

typographical man (McLuhan)

Answer 8

referred to humanity after the invention of printing with movable type (in the West) by Johann Gutenberg in 1454, printing with movable type created print culture, which dominated the Western world until electronic communication was developed

Question 9

electronic society (McLuhan)

Answer 9

involves new media forms of communication (radio, tv, film)

Question 10

global village (McLuhan)

Answer 10

the ability to communicate across the globe in seconds, instant worldwide communication

Question 11

first newspaper in Canada:

first daily paper in Canada:

Answer 11

Halifax Gazette

Montreal Star

Question 12

conservative viewpoint (bleus & Tories)

Answer 12

supports the status quo, pro-British, wanted a united Canada, and supported the national policy of John. A MacDonald

Question 13

liberal viewpoint (rouges & Clear Grits)

Answer 13

wanted British rule to be overthrown, greater union with USA, continentalism, free trade group

Question 14

John Aird Commission

Answer 14

appointed to advise Parliament on the future of broadcasting
-stated Canadians wanted Canadian programming

Question 15

5 mandates of the CRTC:

Answer 15

1. to nurture and develop Canadian programming
2. promote Canada’s political, social, cultural and economic values
3. reflect Canada’s political culture
4. to promote Canadian talent
5. to balance info, entertainment and enlightenment in the content

Question 16

John Grierson

Answer 16

led the National Film Board

-critical of Canadian TV for not promoting national values and unity

Question 17

Societie de Radio Canada (SRC)

Answer 17

Quebec’s CBC counterpart

Question 18

Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN)

Answer 18

IBC created from Inksuk project to bring Aboriginal content to North
-1999 ABTN created

Question 19

neoliberalism:

Answer 19

started in the USA in 1980s, facilitated global technological integration, digital divides, cross border flow of Western info and media, corporate takeover of local media firms, corporations argue it’ll bring diversity and competition (corporate interests) -means 3 things for Canada: deregulation, privatization, lberalization

Question 20

cultural executives of Canada:

Answer 20

Department of Heritage, NFB, Telefilm, Council for the Arts

-cultural industry contributed to 7.4% of Canada’s overall GDP

Question 21

Media oligopoly in Canada:

Answer 21

more than 84% of Canad’a media is owned by 7 companies

Question 22

Liberal pluralist viewpoint of the media:

Answer 22

supports the idea that the media presents diverse viewpoints
-Tom Kent & the Kent Commission stated that there has been a divorce between ownership and control (Managerial Revolution), “the corporation does not sit in the newsroom, but its presence is felt”

Question 23

Elitist viewpoint of the media:

Answer 23

supports the idea that society and the media is controlled by a small group of elites at the top, media is at the mercy of the political views of the proprietors -Miliband stated that members of the corporate and political elite use their media power to sustain a pro-capitalist POV

Question 24

Critical viewpoint of the media:

Answer 24

-shares the elitist idea that dominant economic and social ideologies will be reproduced in the media, but is also concerned with ownership patterns as well as political content and its effects -within this: structuralism, instrumentalism, post-modern theory

Question 25

allocative ownership:

Answer 25

have overall control over strategic policy, look after basic financial policy, new share issues, loans, mergers, investigates new markets, controls distribution of salaries sets the limits of operational ownership

Question 26

operational ownership:

Answer 26

makes decision about the effective use of already allocated resources and implement already made policies, high autonomy with limits

Question 27

state:

Answer 27

a set of institutions, a compulsory organization with a territorial basis, the use of force is regarded as legit as far as permitted or prescribed by the state

Question 28

sub-judice:

Answer 28

“under judicial consideration”, media cannot report on anything that falls under this category or they will be charged -cannot print anything inadmissible in court, or criticize the legal/court system

Question 29

civil libel:

Answer 29

a published false statement that damage’s one’s reputation, punishable

Question 30

criminal libel:

Answer 30

media outlet incites violence or insurrection toward the state (rare in Canada, non-existent in past decades)

Question 31

Anti-Terrorism Act

Answer 31

put into place after 9/11, broadened the secret powers of the state, gave the law too much discretion, and limited journalists too severely

Question 32

4 ways the state implements control over the media doing war time:

Answer 32

1) emergency powers of censorship
2) armed secrecy
3) partial media lies to throw off the enemy
4) agitational propaganda