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Optics BLOCK 4 > turning Point Questions > Flashcards

turning Point Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Diffraction is a change in direction of propagation due to

A

Edge phenomenon

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2
Q

Fresnel, secondary wavelets undergo mutual interference, true or false

A

True

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3
Q

Constructive interference in a single slit diffraction

A

asin(theta)=m (lambda)

A=slit width

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4
Q

What is the type of diffraction, if the source of light and the screen are at finite distance from the diffraction aperture?

A

Fresnel

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5
Q

In the single slit diffraction, when the aperture size ‘a’ decreases, what happens to the diffraction pattern?

A

Spreads out

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6
Q

What os the type of diffraction, if the source of light and the screen are at a finite distance from the diffraction aperture

A

Fresnel diffraction

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7
Q

The smallest letters that a person with 20/2 snellen acuity can resolve have detail that subtends at angle of ____

A

1’

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8
Q

What happens to diffraction image point in a phase plate when the alternate zones are phase shifted by 180 degrees?

A

Brighter

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9
Q

When a diffractive structure (phase plate) is embedded on one side of the refractive lens, the lens is called

A

Hybrid

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10
Q

In the diffractive multifocal lens, when m=0 the power of the lens is

A

Zero

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11
Q

In a diffractive multifocal lens, the first order diffraction generates the _____ power

A

Add power

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12
Q

Wearing multifocal lens causes some patients see shadows formed onto their retina. This condition is called _____

A

Negative dysphotopsia

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13
Q

The strength of the iridescence in a mollusk shell is due to _____ and _______

A

Groove density and surface quality

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14
Q

Fresnel’ lans increases the luminosity of the lighthouse lamp by a factor of _____

A

4

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15
Q

The energy allocation, in diffractive multifocal lens, between 0th order and 1st order is known as _____

A

Diffraction efficiency

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16
Q

What causes the interference pattern to form 3d holography image

A

Phase difference

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17
Q

While using a coherent source to view a recorded holography image, which of the diffraction orders does one view the image?

A

-1 order

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18
Q

In a typical human eye when the pupil size increases, which one of the following will increasingly affect vision

A

Aberration

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19
Q

Diffraction is a change in direction due to

A

Edge phenomenon

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20
Q

What equation is for constructive interference in a single slit diffraction

A

Asin(theta)=m(lambda)

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21
Q

Which of the scattering will happen when the particles are smaller than the wavelength of the light

A

Rayleigh

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22
Q

What is the scattering profile of Mie scattering

A

Mostly forward

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23
Q

Bluer the light, more the light scatter

A

True

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24
Q

For a healthy non-cataractous eye, the intraocular scatter increases by 2x at the age of ____ compared to young eyes

A

65

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25
Q

In the blue/blue-green eyes, intraocular scatter is caused by pigmentations in the scleral wall, iris and ________

A

Fundus

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26
Q

Which of the following refractive surgery techniques causes an increase of intraocular scatter by a factor of 4?

A

RK

27
Q

Corneal transmittance is dependent on

A

Wavelength

28
Q

When wave 1 and wave 2 are in phase, but wave 1 travels an extra distance ( or path difference) equal to 1 wavelength, then this interference is called

A

Constructive interference

29
Q

Condition for destructive interference is when the path difference between two waves is equal to (m is an integer, n is the refractive index, lambda is the wavelength)

A

(M+1/2)/lambda

30
Q

In the condition for forming bright fringes, dsin(theta)=mlambda, ‘d’ represents the distance between the 2 slits and the screen

A

False

31
Q

A He-Ne laser beam (lambda=632.8nm) is incident on double slits of separation 0.8mm. On a screen located 6m from the slits, how far is the third order maximum from the center of the interference pattern?

A

14.2mm

Y=m(lambda)L/d

32
Q

Two conditions for getting an interference fringe in youngs double slit experiment is

A

Monochromatic light and mutual coherence

33
Q

Thin film interference is based on the division of amplitude, true or false

A

True

34
Q

Which is commonly used single layer anti reflection coating material?

A

Magnesium fluoride

35
Q

Single layer anti reflection coating reduces light reflection from 4.3% to about _______

A

1.5%

36
Q

How much does a multilayer anti reflection thin film coating reduce the light reflection to about ?

A

0.5%

37
Q

The minimum thickness of an anti reflecting thin film on glass is _______ of the wavelength in the thin film

A

Quarter

38
Q

Diffraction is a change in direction of propagation due to

A

Edge phenomenon

39
Q

According to fresnel, whom expanded on huygen’s principle, proposed that that the secondary wavelets would undergo mutual interference

A

True

40
Q

What is the condition for constructive interference in a single slit diffraction

A

Asin(theta)=m(lambda)

41
Q

In the single slit diffraction, when the aperture size ‘a’ decreases, what happens to the diffraction pattern

A

Spread out

42
Q

What is the type of diffraction, if the source of light and the screen are at a finite distance from the diffraction aperture

A

Fresnel diffraction

43
Q

The smallest letters that a person with 20/40 acuity can resolve have a detail that subtends at angle of ____

A

2’

44
Q

An optical device that blocks alternate zones is called

A

Zone plate

45
Q

What happens to diffraction image point in a pjhase plate when the alternate zones are phase shifted by 180

A

Brighter

46
Q

Incoherent scattering depends on what two conditions?

A

Particle size and distance between two particle ( it should be greater than coherence of the light)

47
Q

When the particles are smaller than wavelength of light, what type of scatterin

A

Rayleigh

48
Q

What is the scattering profile of rayleigh

A

All directions

49
Q

Shorter wavelength scatters more light, true or false

A

True, blue

50
Q

Corneal transmittance is dependent upon

A

Wavelength

51
Q

What is the effect of light transmission to blue rims for red light

A

1% because of absence of melanin

0.2% for green light

52
Q

What is the 3rd component for blue and green eyes in scatter other than scleral wall and iris?

A

Fundus

53
Q

As you age for a healthy non cataractous eye, what is the increase in scatter for age 77?

A

3x

54
Q

What percentage of horizontally polarizaed light gets transmitted if a vertically polarized filter is tilted 5 degrees?

A

Cos^2(theta)
Cos^2(5)
8%

Make sure to change to radians in calculator!!

55
Q

For light in air incident on high index plastic of 1.66 refractive index, what is the incident angle of polarization

A

Brewsters angle
Tan(theta)=n2/n1
53.93 degrees

56
Q

The sunlight glare can pass through a polarized filter when the transmission axis is _______

A

Horizontal

-if you hold it vertical, you will stop the sunlight scatter

57
Q

The waggle dance of the bee communicates the direction of food and _____

A

Location

58
Q

Formed dichroism is based on specific property of material which is ______

A

Structure

59
Q

When light travels in birefringent material, a relative delay between transmission is called

A

Phase retardation

60
Q

What is the slow ray in polarization called

A

Extraordinary ray

61
Q

What is the fast ray in polarization called

A

Ordinary ray

62
Q

Due to birefringence of cornea and lens, it changes from linear polarization to ______

A

Elliptical

63
Q

Haidenger’s brush apparatus could be used to diagnose mblyopia due to what

A

Eccentric target

Optics BLOCK 4 (15 decks)

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