Antidotes

Question 1

Acetaminophen toxicity

Answer 1

N-acetylcysteine

Question 2

Anti-cholinergic toxicity

Answer 2

Physostigmine sulfate

Question 3

Anti-cholinesterase toxicity

Answer 3

Atropine sulfate, pralidoxime

Question 4

Benzodiazepine toxicity

Answer 4

Flumazenil

Question 5

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 5

Oxygen

Question 6

Cyanide toxicity

Answer 6

Amyl nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium thiosulfate

Question 7

Digoxin toxicity

Answer 7

anti-digoxin Fab fragments

Question 8

Ethylene glycol toxicity

Answer 8

Ethanol

Question 9

Extrapyramidal signs

Answer 9

Diphenhydramine, benztropine

Question 10

Heavy metal toxicity

Answer 10

Chelaters, calcium disodium edetate EDTA, dimercaprol.

Question 11

Iron toxicity

Answer 11

desferoxamine mesylate

Question 12

isoniazid toxicity

Answer 12

Pyridoxine

Question 13

Methanol toxicity

Answer 13

Ethanol

Question 14

Methemoglobinemia

Answer 14

Methylene blue

Question 15

Opiate toxicity

Answer 15

Naloxone

Question 16

What are the signs and symptoms of corneal abrasions

Answer 16

Pain, photophobia, tearing and decreased vision

Question 17

What are the steps to diagnose a corneal abrasion

Answer 17

floroscein exam under filter light confirms the diagnosis

Question 18

What is the treatment for a corneal abrasion

Answer 18

Topical antibiotics, patching

Question 19

What are the signs and symptoms of a concussion

Answer 19

Physical changes.
Cognitive changes.
Emotional disturbances.
Sleep disturbances.

Question 20

What is the treatment for a child with a concussion

Answer 20

The child should not return to play until they received medical clearance

Pediatric and adolescent athletes should not be returned to play on the same day of the concussion, even if they become asymptomatic

Question 21

When is a CT indicated for a concussion

Answer 21

Loss of conscience greater than one minute.
Severe symptoms. 
Abnormal neurological findings. 
Deteriorating neurological status. 
Young infant.

Question 22

Scald burns are most common for what age

Answer 22

Less than four years old

Question 23

How is fluid resuscitation determined for burns

Answer 23

Using the Parkland formula

-4 mL LR x kg of bodyweight x % BSA burned (2nd and 3rd degree burns)

• Give half of the fluid in the first eight hours.
• Give the second half of the fluid in the next 16 hours