7.3 A Closer Look At Atoms Flashcards
What do atoms make up?
They make up everything
What are some physical and chemical properties of atoms?
Physical: size and mass
Chemical: determines atoms interacts with others
What are atoms made up of?
Subatomic particles
What are the three types of subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons and electrons
Where are protons and neutrons?
In the centre of the nucleus
How much lighter are electrons from protons and neutrons?
1800x lighter
Why are electrons bound tightly to the nucleus?
Because electrons have a - charge and protons have a + charge. Opposite attract like a magnet
What is the total charge of an atom?
0 because there is an equal number of electrons and protons, and neutrons are neutral
What do the number of protons determine?
What type of atom it is and what element they belong to
What jus the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom. In the periodic table, elements ordered by the atomic number
What is the mass number?
The number or protons and electrons. Often written alongside the chemical symbol
How many electrons can be held in each shell?
Inner shell= 2 electrons
Second shell= 8 electrons
Third shell= 18 electrons
Fourth shell = max of 32 electrons
What takes up the most space of an atom?
The electron shells
