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Liz's Microbiology Module 2 > Anaerobic GPRs > Flashcards

Anaerobic GPRs Flashcards

1
Q

Propionibacterium acnes

- Normal flora

A

Skin (contaminant)

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2
Q

Propionibacterium acnes

- GLC

A

GLC = aP

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3
Q

Propionibacterium acnes

- Diseases or infections it’s involved in

A

CNS shunt infections, endocarditis, prosthetic joint infections, eye
- Found in blood and CSF cultures after 5 days

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4
Q

Bifidobacterium

- Normal flora

A

Common fecal flora

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5
Q

Bifidobacterium

- Gram stain

A

Y-shaped GPR

- Non-sporeforming

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6
Q

Lactobacillus

- Normal flora

A

GI and vaginal flora

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7
Q

Lactobacillus

- Gram stain

A

Non-sporeforming GPR

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8
Q

Actinomyces

- Gram stain

A

Often branching GPRs

- Non-sporeforming

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9
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- Colonial morphology

A

ROUGH/SLOW growth

- Molar tooth 5-14 days or longer

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10
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- Gram stain

A

Branching GPRs

  • Non-sporeforming
  • Chunky in broth
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11
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- Diseases or infections it’s involved in

A
  • Actinomycosis → “Lumpy Jaw”

- Sulfur granules from drainage

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12
Q

Mobiluncus

- Gram stain

A

Motile, sligthly curved GPR

- Non-sporeforming

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13
Q

Mobiluncus

- Diseases or infections it’s involved in

A

Non-specific vaginitis or bacterial vaginosis

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14
Q

Eubacterium

- Diseases or infections it’s involved in

A

Rarely cause disease b/c it’s a beneficial bacterium

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15
Q

Eubacterium

- Normal flora

A

Intestinal tract

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16
Q

Eggerthella lenta

- Normal flora

A

Intestinal tract

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17
Q

Three types of spores

A
  • Terminal
  • Central
  • Subterminal
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18
Q

Most clinical isolates of anaerobic gram positive sporeforming rods are ____

A

Clostridium spp

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19
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- Gram stain

A

GPR

  • Sporeforming
  • Often stains Gram negative on a direct smear
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20
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- What are the reactions w/ milk, lecithinase, lipase, and reverse CAMP test?

A
  • Milk: proteolytic (curd/digest)
  • Lecithinase: positive on EYA
  • Lipase: negative on EYA
  • Reverse CAMP: positive
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21
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- Colonial morphology

A

Double zone beta hemolysis

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22
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- 2 major diseases

A
  • Gas gangrene

- Food poisoning

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23
Q

Gas gangrene (myonecrosis)

  • Most common cause
  • Toxins
  • What happens
A
  • Clostriidum
  • Cytotoxins destroy cells/tissues
  • Gas, bullae, discoloration
24
Q

Crepitant (anaerobic) cellulitis

- What is NOT involved?

A

Muscle and facia

25
Q

Clostridium perfringens food poisoning is found in what foods?

A

Meats and gravy

26
Q

Clostridium ramosum

- Normal flora

A

GI

27
Q

Clostridium ramosum

- Gram stain

A

Virgina rail fence and palisading; terminal spores rarely seen

28
Q

Clostridium septicum

- Colonial morphology

A

Swarms; spreading colonies; slight beta hemolysis

29
Q

Clostridium septicum

- Gram stain

A

Citron-shaped GPRs

30
Q

Clostridium septicum

- 2 diseases

A
  • Gas gangrene

- Bacteremia associated w/ malignancy (colon cancer, leukemia or lymphoma)

31
Q

Clostridium septicum

- For diseases, are the mortality rates high or low and can therapy make a difference?

A
  • High mortality rates

- Early recognition and proper therapy can make a signficant difference in mortality

32
Q

Clostridium sordellii

- Gram stain

A

Chaining GPR, w/ lots of free spores

33
Q

Clostridium sordellii

- Colonial morphology

A

Very irregular colonies

34
Q

Clostridium tetani

- Gram stain

A

GPRs w/ LARGE terminal spores

35
Q

Clostridium tetani

- Colonial morphology

A

Irregular shaped colonies, “course ground glass”

36
Q

Tetanus

  • Another name/what does it cause
  • Infection or intoxication?
A
  • “Lockjaw”

- Intoxication

37
Q

Clostridium botulinum

- 3 infections

A
  • Foodborne
  • Infant botulism (aka Floppy Baby Syndrome)
  • Wound botulism
38
Q

Foodborne C. botulinum

  • Found in what foods
  • Infection or intoxication
  • What occurs from disease
  • Treatment
A
  • Found in home canned foods
  • Intoxication
  • Occurs from descending “flaccid paralysis”
  • Treatment is an antitoxin
39
Q

Infant botulism caused by C. botulinum

  • Another name
  • What food is implicated
  • Infection or intoxication
A
  • aka Floppy Baby Syndrome
  • Found in honey
  • Infection
40
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- Lipase reaction

A

Lipase +

41
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- Gram stain

A

GPR w/ subterminal and free spores

42
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- Colonial morphology

A

Can swarm (filamentous, medusa head colonies)

43
Q

Clostridium difficile

- Normal flora

A

Intestinal flora

44
Q

Clostridium difficile

- Colonial morphology

A

Large colonies, irregular edge and shape, raised yellowish to grey-white with a COARSE “CIS”

45
Q

Clostridium difficile

- GLC

A

GLC = a…IC

46
Q

Clostridium difficile causes an _____ _____ diarrhea

A

Antibiotic associated → pseudomembraneous colitis

47
Q

What is true about C. difficile diseases’s mortality?

A

Bloody diarrhea can be fatal

48
Q

Why does C. difficile disease potentially serious threat to immunocompromised patients?

A

Spores on hands, bed sheets, surfaces in hospital environment

49
Q

Clostridium difficile

- 2 major toxins

A
  • Toxin A = enterotoxin

- Toxin B = cytotoxin

50
Q

2 ways to identify Clostridium difficile

A
  • Rapid real-time PCR
  • Gold standard toxigenic culture for C. diff (using cycloserine, cerfoxitin, fructose agar → CCFA) and ID (but too slow)
51
Q

Rapid real-time PCR assays for which of Clostridium difficile’s toxins

A

Toxin B

52
Q

Clostridium clostridioforme

- Gram stain

A

GPR that more commonly stains Gram negative; tapered ends

- Football shaped

53
Q

Propionibacterium acnes

- Colonial morphology

A

May be aerotolerant

54
Q

Aerotolerant Clostridium form spores under ____ conditions

A

Anaerobic

- Grows better anaerobically compared w/ growth in CO2

55
Q

3 examples of aerotolerant Clostridium

A
  • C. carnis
  • C. histolyticum
  • C. tertium
56
Q

Mobiluncus

- Normal flora

A

Vaginal

Liz's Microbiology Module 2 (11 decks)

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