Review Chapter 1 - The Science of Biology

Question 1

What is science?

Answer 1

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

Question 2

What are the 3 goals of science?

Answer 2

1. ) To investigate & understand the natural world
2. ) To explain events in the natural world
3. ) To make useful predictions from those explanations

Question 3

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 3

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Plan an experiment, Collect & analyze data, and Draw conclusions

Question 4

Quantitative data is _______.

Answer 4

Numerical

Question 5

Qualitative data is _______.

Answer 5

Characteristics (The 5 senses)

Question 6

An observation is a(n) _______.

Answer 6

Fact

Question 7

An inference is a(n) _________.

Answer 7

Conclusion based on facts with the addition of logic and or reason.

Question 8

The deliberately changed variable in an experiment is the ___________.

Answer 8

Independent of manipulated variable

Question 9

The variable that is observed is the __________.

Answer 9

Dependent or responding variable

Question 10

The variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable is the ______.

Answer 10

Dependent or responding variable

Question 11

What is a standard for comparison in a scientific experiment?

Answer 11

A control

Question 12

Quantities that don’t change during a controlled test of the hypothesis are called _______.

Answer 12

Constants

Question 13

A _______ experiment is an experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time.

Answer 13

Controlled or scientific

Question 14

A proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations is called a ______.

Answer 14

Hypothesis

Question 15

Spontaneous generation is __________.

Answer 15

The idea that life could arise form nonliving matter

Question 16

Name 4 scientists that studied spontaneous generation.

Answer 16

Redi, Spallanzani, Needham, & Pasteur

Question 17

Describe Pasteur’s experiment.

Answer 17

He had a curved-necked glass that allowed in air, but not microorganisms, and none appeared until, after a year, he broke off the necks.

Question 18

Describe Redi’s experiment.

Answer 18

He had covered & uncovered jars with meat & counted the maggots.

Question 19

Describe Spallanzani’s experiment.

Answer 19

He heated a flask of gravy (longer than Needham) and sealed it. No microorganisms grew.

Question 20

Describe Needham’s experiment.

Answer 20

He heated gravy and sealed it, but there were still microorganisms. He didn’t heat it enough.

Question 21

What is the name for a hypothesis that has been tested and supported many times?

Answer 21

Theory

Question 22

Name the 8 characteristics of living things.

Answer 22

1. ) Made of cells
2. ) Change over time
3. ) Reproduce
4. ) Respond to their surroundings
5. ) Are based on a universal genetic code
6. ) Grow & develop
7. ) Obtain and use materials and energy
8. ) Work towards and maintain homeostasis

Question 23

Name the 10 themes of biology.

Answer 23

1. ) Homeostasis
2. ) Science as a way of knowing
3. ) Interdependence in nature
4. ) Matter & energy
5. ) Cellular basis of life
6. ) Information & heredity
7. ) Unity & diversity of life
8. ) Evolution
9. ) Structure & function
10. ) Science, technology, & society

Question 24

Botany

Answer 24

Plants

Question 25

Zoology

Answer 25

Animals

Question 26

Ichthyology

Answer 26

Fish

Question 27

Biology

Answer 27

Life

Question 28

Cytology

Answer 28

Cells

Question 29

Herpetology

Answer 29

Reptiles & amphibians

Question 30

Paleontology

Answer 30

Fossils

Question 31

Genetics

Answer 31

Heredity

Question 32

Taxonomy

Answer 32

Classification of organisms