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AP Psychology Vocab > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Empiricism

A

the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should rely on observation and experimentation

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2
Q

the mind at birth is a “tabula rasa”- a blank slate

A

John Locke

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3
Q

early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

Introspection: looking inward

A

Structuralism

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4
Q

thinking is adaptive; promoted by James and Darwin; school of thought explored how mental and behavioral processes enable an organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

A

functionalism

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5
Q

the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

A

Experimental psychology

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6
Q

Watson and Skinner; view that psych should study behavior without reference to mental processes as an objective science

A

Behaviorism

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7
Q

How current environmental influences can nurture or limit our growth potential, and the importance of having our needs for love and acceptance satisfied

Rogers and Maslow

“Historically significant perspective that emphasized the potential growth of healthy people”

A

Humanistic psychology

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8
Q

Interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition

“Explores the way we PERCEIVE, PROCESS, and REMEMBER information”

A

Cognitive neuroscience

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9
Q

The science of behavior and mental processes

A

Psychology

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10
Q

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

Traits and behaviors arise from the interaction of nature and nurture

A

Nature-nurture issue

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11
Q

The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

A

Natural selection

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12
Q

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

A

biopsychosocial approach

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13
Q

The scientific study of observable behavior, and it’s explanation by principles of learning

External stimuli

A

Behavioral psychology

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14
Q

the scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes

Heredity

A

Biological psychology

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15
Q

the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

A

Cognitive psychology

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16
Q

the study of the evolution of behavior and mind, using principles of natural selection

facilitation of ancestors’ genes

A

Evolutionary psychology

17
Q

branch of psychology studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that to treat psychological disorders

Freud

A

Psychodynamic psychology

18
Q

the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

cultural contexts

A

Social-cultural psychology

19
Q

the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

A

psychometrics

20
Q

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

A

Basic research

21
Q

branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan

A

Developmental psychology

22
Q

the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance learning

Influences teaching and learning

A

Educational psychology

23
Q

the study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

Personality psychology

24
Q

scientific study of how we think about, influence, and RELATE to one another

A

social psychology

25
Q

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

A

Applied research

26
Q

the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in the workplace

A

Industrial-Organizational (I/O) psychology

27
Q

an I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use

A

Human factors psychology

28
Q

branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

A

Counseling psychology

29
Q

a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

A

Clinical psychology

30
Q

a branch of MEDICINE dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy

A

Psychiatry

31
Q

the scientific study of HUMAN FUNCTIONING, with the goals of DISCOVERING AND PROMOTING STRENGTHS AND VIRTUES that help individuals and communities to thrive

A

Positive psychology

32
Q

a branch of psychology that studies how people INTERACT WITH THEIR SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT and how social institutions affect individuals and groups

A

Community psychology

AP Psychology Vocab (4 decks)

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