Water Concept

Question 1

How many features in water? Preconditions?

Answer 1

8 water features, 5 preconditions (30-34)

Question 2

What % of water is the human body

Answer 2

more than 2/3

Question 3

How much water should women and men drink?

Answer 3

W - 2.7 L

Men - 3.7 L

Question 4

How many deaths annually attributed to unsafe water?

Answer 4

2 million

Question 5

30 - Fundamental Water Quality -

What are the two major indicators for the presence of other contaminants?

Answer 5

Turbidity and total Coliforms

Question 6

What are the limits for Turbidity and Microorganisms?

Answer 6

Turbidity - less than 1.0 NTU

Zero Total Coliforms

Question 7

31 - Inorganic Dissolved Metals: 6 water contaminants

Answer 7

ArMeNiAn Cole

Arsenic
Mercury
Nickel
Antimony
Copper
Lead

Question 8

Which filtration is used for dissolved metals?

Answer 8

Reverse Osmosis or KDF

Question 9

32 - Organic Pollutants (from Industrial activities): 8 water contaminants

Answer 9

PCBs
Benzene
Styrene
Vinyl Chloride
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Xylenes
TCE

Question 10

32 - Organic Pollutants - what 3 main adverse health effects?

Answer 10

1. cancer
2. immune deficiencies
3. nervous system damage

Question 11

33 - Ag contaminants: what % of surface streams and groundwater contaminated in the ’90s

Answer 11

all streams in ag/urban/mixed use areas; 30-60% of groundwater

Question 12

33 - Ag contaminants -

water must meet limits for what 4 chemicals and which fertilizer?

Answer 12

1. Atrazine (pesticide - endocrine disruptor/cariovascular)
2. Simazine
3. Glyphosate (kidney and reproductive problems)
4. 2,4-D
5. Nitrates less than 10 mg/L

Question 13

34 - Public Water Additives:

what are the limits for two disinfectants?

Answer 13

1. chlorine 0.6 mg/l and

2. chloramine 4 mg/L

Question 14

34 - Public Water Additives:

what are the limits for two disinfectant byproducts (cancer & kidney damage)

Answer 14

1. trihalomethanes (THM) 0.08 mg/L and

2. halocetic acids (HAAs) 0.06 mg/L

Question 15

34 - Public Water Additives:

what are the limits for flouride?

Answer 15

less than 4.0 mg/L

Question 16

35 - Periodic Drinking Water Quality Testing (optimization)

how often is testing done and reports submitted?

Answer 16

tested quarterly

reports submitted annually, kept for 3 years

Question 17

35 - Periodic Drinking Water Quality Testing -

which 4 dissolved metals?

Answer 17

CoMe LeAr

Copper, Mercury, Lead, Arsenic,

Question 18

36 - Water Treatment to maintain high quality -

What are the 4 types of contaminants and removal technique for each?

Answer 18

1 - organic compounds / activated carbon
2 - sediments / filter pore size 1.5 um or less
3 - microbial / UVGI
4 - Legionella / hazard analysis

Question 19

37 - Drinking water Promotion -

what are the 7 dissolved minerals in addition to TSS that affect taste?

Answer 19

1 - Aluminum
2 - Chloride 
3 - Manganese
4 - Sodium
5 - Iron
6 - Sulfate
7 - Zinc

Question 20

37 - Drinking water Promotion -

Where should water dispensers be located?

Answer 20

within 100 ft of all parts of regularly occupied space

Question 21

How often are water dispenser parts cleaned?

Answer 21

daily - mouthpieces, protective guards, basins

quarterly - outlet screens and aerators