Science Mid Term Questions

Question 1

Place these in order from most simple to most complex: cell, organism, tissues, organs, organ system

Answer 1

Cell, tissues, organs, organ system, organism

Question 2

Why is the cell membrane called selectively permeable?

Answer 2

It has some substances that can cross the membrane while others cannot

Question 3

What organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Lungs

Question 4

What happens during photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Plants and some other organisms absorb energy from the sun and use the energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen

Question 5

Imagine a Punnett square where W = white flowers, w = purple flowers, parent 1 has alleles Ww and parent 2 has alleles Ww. Give the probability that the offspring will have purple flowers.

Answer 5

It has a 50 percent chance of having purple flowers and a 50 percent chance of having white flowers.

Question 6

Which structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells?

Answer 6

Cell wall, and Chloroplasts

Question 7

What is a hybrid?

Answer 7

Organism that has two different alleles for a trait

Question 8

Genetic code is determined by them blank of nitrogen bases along a gene.

Answer 8

Sizes

Question 9

Define Homeostasis.

Answer 9

The condition in which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable

Question 10

Describe the false idea of spontaneous generation.

Answer 10

The mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources

Question 11

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Answer 11

A genotype determines its genetic makeup or alleles. Phenotype determines its physical appearance or visible traits

Question 12

Of the two energy-releasing processes blank requires oxygen and blank does not require oxygen.

Answer 12

Lactic Acid and Alcoholic.

Question 13

What is the ultimate source of energy for Earth’s ecosystems?

Answer 13

The sun

Question 14

What are the 2 products of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

Oxygen and sugar

Question 15

Define heredity:

Answer 15

The passing of traits from parents to offspring

Question 16

Which group of organic compounds include fats, oils, and waxes?

Answer 16

Carbohydrates

Question 17

How does a branching tree diagram model evolutionary relationships among organisms?

Answer 17

It groups organisms according to shared derived characteristics

Question 18

An organism’s scientific name is made of 2 parts, what are those 2 parts?

Answer 18

Genes and species

Question 19

If a cell contains mitochondria, you can assume that the process of blank happens in the cell.

Answer 19

Cellular Respiration

Question 20

Gregor Mendel experimented with pea plants during the 1860s. Explain the historical significance of his work and how his work continues to contribute to the science of genetics

Answer 20

It unlocked the key to understanding heredity. It showed how the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring. He decoded the patterns in the way characteristics pass from one generation to the next.