Attachment part 3 Flashcards
What is the internal working model similar to
it is similar to a schema
Describe the internal working model
the infant learns about a relationship from experience, the infants learn what relationships are and how parent s behave in them, its an operable model of self attachment history, operable means it can predict behaviour in the future
Describe the procedure of Hazon and Shaver study
placed a love quiz, in the rocky mountain news, the quiz asked questions about current attachment history experience to identify childhood attachment types they were then asked attitudes towards love this was the assessment of the current working model, analysed 620 responses 205 from men 415 from women from a cross-section of the population
what did Hazan and Shaver find from their study
found that prevalence of attachment types was similar of attachment styles
56% secure
25% avoidant
19% resistant
they also found a positive correlation between attachment types and love experiences, therefore they had a positive internal working model
- securely attached - happy and friendly trusting this lasted 10 years of average
- avoidant resistant - 5-6 years on average
What are the behaviours influenced by the internal working model
childhood friendships, poor parenting, Romantic relationships, Mental health
How is poor parenting effected
Harlow et al and Quinton et al - in some humans the lack of internal working model shows that individuals have difficulty forming relationships with their own children
How are childhood friendships effected
Minnesota child parent study found evidence for continuity hypothesis, securely attached was higher rated in social compentence and less isolated this made them more popular and empathetic this is expplaied using the internat working model, they are more friendly so they make friendships easily
How are romantic relationships effected
Hazan and Shaver demonstrated link between relationships and attachment type
How is mental health effected
lack of attachment during critical period would result in the lack of internal working model, children with no preferred attachment could not relate to others, this is evident before the age of 5 due to change of caregiver and extreme neglect, - attachment disorder
The Influence of early attachment evaluation: Research is correlation
linking attachment type with later relationships is correlation rather than experimental and may be caused by something different for example innate temperament, this effects the way the caregiver behaves around the child and acts as an extraneous variable which can determine attachment type
The Influence of early attachment evaluation: Retrospective classification
recollections could be flawed as asking information about early life, but longitudinal studies support Hazan and Shaver for example Simpson et al (2007) assessed infant attachment type at 1 year old but securely attached infants at 16 years old had more friends and were more emotionally attached to their partners
The Influence of early attachment evaluation: Overly determinist
not all who do not have secure attachment are doomed, Simpson et al concluded that research does not determine future relationships
The influence of early attachment evaluation: low correlation
not all research has shown a strong positive correlation between early attachment and later relationships
- Fraley (2002) conducted a review of 27 samples were infants were assessed and reassess either 1 month later or 20 years later - the correlations ranged from 50 to 10
The influence of early attachment evaluation: alternative explanation
Feeney argues that adult attachment properties may be due to the relationship rather than the individual,
- adult relationships are guided by self-ventification processes the tendency to see others who confirm your expectation of relationships this is caused by adult attachment types
