Earthquakes

Question 1

The block of rock that forms the lower half of the fault

Answer 1

Footwall

Question 2

A fold in a rock that bends upwards in the middle to form a bowl

Answer 2

Syncline

Question 3

The stress force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

Answer 3

Compression

Question 4

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume

Answer 4

Stress

Question 5

A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level

Answer 5

Plateau

Question 6

The point beneath earth’s surface where rock under stress breaks and triggers an earthquake

Answer 6

Focus

Question 7

4 instruments used while measuring faults

Answer 7

Tiltmeters
Creep meters
Laser ranging device
Gps satellites

Question 8

The block of rock that forms the upper half of the fault

Answer 8

Hanging wall

Question 9

A stress force that pulls on the rock stretching it causing it to become thinner in the middle

Answer 9

Tension

Question 10

A break in the earth’s crust

Answer 10

Fault

Question 11

3 commonly used ways to measure an earthquake

Answer 11

Mercalli scale, Richter scale, moment magnitude scale

Question 12

A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart

Answer 12

Rift Valley

Question 13

Liquefaction

Answer 13

Saturated soil loses strength and stiffness in response to any applied stress

Question 14

The shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath earth’s surface

Answer 14

Earthquake

Question 15

A vibration that travels through earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake

Answer 15

Seismic wave

Question 16

Tsunami

Answer 16

A long high sea wave caused by an earthquake

Question 17

A block of rock that forms the upper half of the fault

Answer 17

A fault in which rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little up or down motion

Question 18

Friction

Answer 18

The force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves a diff another surface

Question 19

The point of surface directly above where an earthquake occurs

Answer 19

Focus

Question 20

A fold in a rock that bends upward into an arch

Answer 20

Anticline

Question 21

A section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenospere

Answer 21

Plate

Question 22

4 ways earthquakes can cause damage

Answer 22

Shaking, tsunami, liquefaction, aftershocks

Question 23

Records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through the earth

Answer 23

Seismograph

Question 24

Three seismic waves

Answer 24

P waves S waves Surface waves

Question 25

Slowest seismic waves that produce the most severe ground movements

Answer 25

Surface waves

Question 26

Aftershock

Answer 26

Shaking occurring after the main shock of an earthquake

Question 27

A measurement of earthquakes strength

Answer 27

Magnitude

Question 28

Primary waves

Answer 28

Compresses and expands as they grow

Question 29

Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions

Answer 29

Shearing