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Biology > term 1 > Flashcards

term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

roots

A

holds the plant in place and absorbs water and minerals from the soil and stores food.
usually grows underground.

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2
Q

flowers

A

produces seeds so that the plant can reproduce

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3
Q

leaves

A

absorbs energy from sunlight and make plant’s food

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4
Q

stem

A

transports water and food, and supports the leaves and flowers

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5
Q

skeleton

A

supports your body and helps in movement. protects delicate organs

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6
Q

ribs

A

help to breathe and protect heart and lungs

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7
Q

vertebral column

A

made of 33 small bones called vertebrae, protects the spinal cord

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8
Q

skull

A

protects the brain

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9
Q

joint

A

where 2 bones meet and are joined in a way that allows movement

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10
Q

hinge joint

A

moves in 1 direction (backward and forward) found in knee and elbow

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11
Q

pivot joint

A

side movements found in neck and wrist

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12
Q

ball + socket joint

A

moves in all directions found in shoulder and hips

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13
Q

ligaments

A

the strong elastic tissue that holds bones together in joints

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14
Q

synovial fluid

A

like oil to lubricate the bones found in most of the joints

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15
Q

cartilage

A

type of tissue that covers the end of the bone, to reduce friction between 2 bones

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16
Q

arthritis

A

people who develop arthritis have no synovial fluid (disappear) and cartilage wears away which makes bones scrape together

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17
Q

tendons

A

muscles are attached to bones by a strong tissue called tendons

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18
Q

antagonistic muscles

A

are muscles that pull in opposite directions

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19
Q

nervous system

A

senses your surroundings and controls your actions

20
Q

spinal cord

A

a thick bundle of nerves that runs down your back. it connects the brain to the rest of the body

21
Q

respiratory system

A

carries out gas exchange. adds oxygen to your blood and removes carbon dioxide

22
Q

air sacs ( alveoli)

A

air sacs are where gas exchange takes place, and are richly supplied with blood. contains oxygen and gives the oxygen to the blood vessels

23
Q

lungs

A

lungs are responsible for taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide

24
Q

digestive system

A

breaks down large particles in food so they can get into your blood

25
Q

circulatory system

A

pumps blood all around the body

26
Q

capillaries

A

a very thin-walled blood vessel used to deliver substances to cells

27
Q

arteries

A

the blood leaves the heart through arteries

28
Q

veins

A

veins return the blood back to the heart

29
Q

heart

A

your heart is a muscle. located in the center of your chest. has 4 chambers

30
Q

nutrition

A

plants make their own food from water and carbon dioxide.

animals get their nutrients by eating plants or other animals

31
Q

excretion

A

they remove waste products from their bodies

32
Q

reproduction

A

living things produce offspring

33
Q

growth

A

they increase in size during their lifetime

34
Q

sensitivity

A

they sense there surrounding such as light

35
Q

respiration

A

living things use the chemical reaction of respiration to release the energy they need to stay alive

36
Q

movement

A

most animals move from place to place.

plants move by extending their stems and roots

37
Q

lost organs

A

plants that are parasites don’t make their own food. their roots steal food and water from other plants.
they don’t need leaves or green stems they just send up flowers to reproduce.

38
Q

spores

A

are reproductive cells made by moss and fungi

39
Q

fungus

A

a type of micro-organism that absorbs nutrients from its surroundings

40
Q

hyphae

A

the thin threads that make up the body of the fungus

41
Q

cell membrane

A

it keeps all parts of the cell inside.
it controls what enters and exits the cell.
it is the outmost layer of the animal cell

42
Q

nucleus

A

it is located in the cytoplasm of the cell.
controls all cell activities.
contains the cell DNA
has a similar function to the brain of the body

43
Q

cell wall

A 
found in the plant cell only 
outmost layer of the cell 
it is stiff and rigid 
helps plants keep its shape
allows materials to pass to and from the cell membrane
44
Q

chloroplast

A

only found in plant cells
responsible for photosynthesis
they are green because of the pigment

45
Q

cytoplasm

A

there is a fluid-filled space called cytoplasm
it is a jelly like substance
the cytoplasm fills the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane

46
Q

vacuole

A

fluid-filled sac found in plant cells including fungi
supports the plant cell and makes it rigid
the food is stored in the vacuole

Biology (4 decks)

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