18 JAN 2017 0717 IM

Question 1

what are the Light’s criteria?

Answer 1

• protein (pleural/serum)
• LDH (pleural/serum)
• LDH level below or over 2/3 upper limit

Question 2

what are the cutoff values for pleural/serum protein for Light’s criteria?

Answer 2

• transudate: 0.5 or less

- exudate: over 0.5

Question 3

what are the cutoff values for pleural/serum LDH for Light’s criteria?

Answer 3

• transudate: 0.6 or less; pleural LDH less than 2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH
• exudate: over 0.6; pleural LDH over 2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH

Question 4

what is the treatment for toxoplasmosis in an HIV patient with CD under 100?

Answer 4

TMP-SMX

Question 5

what are the red flag symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer 5

• severe headache
• bilateral periorbital edema
• CN 3, 4, 5, 6, deficits

Question 6

what are indications for placement of an IVC filter for DVT prophylaxis?

Answer 6

• contraindication to or complication from anticoagulation (significant bleeding, recent surgery, acute hemorrhagic stroke)
• failed anticoagulation

Question 7

renal vein thrombosis is most commonly seen in what manifestation of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 7

membranous glomerulopathy

Question 8

hairy cell leukemia is due to a mutation in what gene?

Answer 8

BRAF

Question 9

what is the major cause of death within the first 24 hours of presentation following a subarachnoid hemorrhage? what about delayed morbidity and death?

Answer 9

• first 24 hours: rebleeding

- delayed: vasospasm

Question 10

which drug is used to prevent vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Answer 10

nimodipine

Question 11

what is the pathogenesis of spider angiomata and palmar erythema seen in alcoholic cirrhosis?

Answer 11

hyperestrinism due to impaired hepatic metabolism of circulating estrogens

Question 12

what is the treatment for uric acid stones?

Answer 12

alkalinization of urine with oral potassium citrate