Biological Molecules definitions

Question 1

Condensation reaction

Answer 1

reaction that occurs when two molecules are joined together with the removal of water

Question 2

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 2

a weak interaction that can occur wherever molecule contain slightly negatively charged atom bonded to a slightly positive charged hydrogen atom

Question 3

Hydrolysis reactions

Answer 3

reaction that occurs when a molecules is split into two smaller molecules with the addition of water

Question 4

Monomer

Answer 4

a small molecule which binds to many other identical molecules to form a polymer

Question 5

Polymer

Answer 5

a large molecules made from many smaller molecules called monomers

Question 6

Specific heat capacity

Answer 6

the energy required to change the temperature of 1Kg of substance by 1 degree Celsius

Question 7

Latent heat of evaporation

Answer 7

The energy required to get water from one state to another

Question 8

Amino acids

Answer 8

monomers of all proteins and all amino acids have the same basic structure

Question 9

Peptide bond

Answer 9

a bond formed when two amino acids are joined by a condensation reaction

Question 10

Primary structure

Answer 10

The specific sequence of amino acids found in a molecule

Question 11

Secondary structure

Answer 11

The coiling or folding of an amino acid chain, parts of the polypeptide chain folds and pleats
- this is caused by the result of hydrogen bond formation between different parts of the chain

Question 12

Tertiary structure

Answer 12

the overall 3D shape of a protein molecule, arises due to hydrogen bonding, disulphide bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions

Question 13

Quaternary structure

Answer 13

protein structure made out of more than one polypeptide chain