Industrial Revolution

Question 1

Enclosure Movement

Answer 1

The enclosure movement was this: wealthy farmers bought land from small farmers, then benefited from economies of scale in farming huge tracts of land. The enclosure movement led to improved crop production, such as the rotation of crops.

Question 2

Crop Rotation

Answer 2

the action or system of rotating crops.

Question 3

Industrial Revolution

Answer 3

The Industrial Revolution is the name given the movement in which machines changed people’s way of life as well as their methods of manufacture. About the time of the American Revolution, the people of England began to use machines to make cloth and steam engines to run the machines.

Question 4

Factors of Production

Answer 4

The factors of production are resources that are the building blocks of the economy; they are what people use to produce goods and services. Economists divide the factors of production into four categories: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.

Question 5

Mechinization

Answer 5

Mechanization or mechanization (British English) is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery.

Question 6

Factory System

Answer 6

The factory system is a method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor.

Question 7

Cottage Industry

Answer 7

a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.

Question 8

entrepreneur

Answer 8

a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.

Question 9

Tenements

Answer 9

Also called tenement house. a run-down and often overcrowded apartment house, especially in a poor section of a large city. 2. Law. any species of permanent property, as lands, houses, rents, an office, or a franchise, that may be held of another.

Question 10

Mass Production

Answer 10

n”, “flow production” or “continuous production” is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines

Question 11

Fordism

Answer 11

Fordism is a term widely used to describe (1) the system of mass production that was pioneered in the early 20th century by the Ford Motor Company or (2) the typical postwar mode of economic growth and its associated political and social order in advanced capitalism

Question 12

Corporation

Answer 12

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law

Question 13

Monoply

Answer 13

e exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
“his likely

Question 14

Strikes

Answer 14

a refusal to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession or concessions from their employer.

Question 15

Union

Answer 15

an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests; a labor union.

Question 16

Collective

Answer 16

a cooperative enterprise.

Question 17

Bargining

Answer 17

negotiate the terms and conditions of a transaction.

Question 18

Eli Whitney

Answer 18

Eli Whitney was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of the Antebellum South

Question 19

James Watt

Answer 19

James Gaius Watt served as U.S. Secretary of the Interior from 1981 to 1983. Often described as “anti-environmentalist”, he was one of Ronald Reagan’s most controversial cabinet appointments

Question 20

Henry Bessemer

Answer 20

Sir Henry Bessemer (19 January 1813 – 15 March 1898) was an English inventor, whose steelmaking process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century. He also established the town of Sheffield as a major industrial centre.

Question 21

Richard Arcwrright

Answer 21

Sir Richard Arkwright was an inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution.

Question 22

Robert Fulton

Answer 22

Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont.

Question 23

Samuel Morse

Answer 23

Samuel Finley Breese Morse was an American painter and inventor. After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs.

Question 24

Henry Ford

Answer 24

Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.

Question 25

JP Morgan

Answer 25

John Pierpont “J. P.” Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in late 19th and early 20th Century United States.

Question 26

Immigration

Answer 26

a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.

Question 27

Leisure

Answer 27

free time.

Question 28

Emigration

Answer 28

he act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.

Question 29

Push and Pull Factors

Answer 29

Definition. Push and pull factors are those factors which either forcefully push people into migration or attract them. A push factor is forceful, and a factor which relates to the country from which a person migrates. It is generally some problem which results in people wanting to migrate.

Question 30

Textiles

Answer 30

.

a type of cloth or woven fabric

Question 31

Middle class

Answer 31

the social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families.

Question 32

Jane Adams

Answer 32

Jane Addams was a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women’s suffrage and world peace

Question 33

Child Labor Laws

Answer 33

The federal child labor provisions, authorized by the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938, also known as the child labor laws, were enacted to ensure that when young people work, the work is safe and does not jeopardize their health, well-being or educational opportunities.

Question 34

Stuart Mill

Answer 34

John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher, political economist and civil servant. One of the most influential thinkers in the history of liberalism, he contributed widely to social theory, political theory and political economy.

Question 35

utilitarianism

Answer 35

showing a disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish

Question 36

Meji Restoration

Answer 36

showing a disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish