Unit 3 - Resourses And Industries

Question 1

What is total stock?

Answer 1

All parts of the natural environment including energy, living organisms, and non-living materials. Ex. Sunlight, trees and water are all part of total stock.

Question 2

What is a resource?

Answer 2

Anything that can be used to produce goods and services such as raw materials, workers, money, land.

Question 3

What is a natural resource?

Answer 3

Things found in total stock that people find useful.

Question 4

What’s a renewable resource?

Answer 4

Resources that can be regenerated if used carefully.

Question 5

What are non-renewable resources?

Answer 5

Resources that are limited and cannot be replaced once they are used up.

Question 6

What is a flow resource?

Answer 6

Flow resources are constantly produced by nature. Their supply cannot be damaged by human activity.

Question 7

What are other resources?

Answer 7

Resources that do not fit into the other 3 categories.

Question 8

Which of the 3Rs is the best?

Answer 8

Reducing.

Question 9

What is conservation?

Answer 9

Th wise use of resources.

Question 10

What’s rethinking by individuals?

Answer 10

Individuals are voters and have the right to choose a government that will pass more stringent laws that protect the environment.

Question 11

What’s rethinking by companies?

Answer 11

Many companies have found ways to increase financial returns by using resources more carefully. Governments pass laws to force companies to rethink how they operate.

Question 12

What’s rethinking by governments?

Answer 12

Have to rethink how they can become more involved in protecting a country’s resources. They can do 2 things; 1. Use a carrot (reward) or 2. Use a stick (punishment)

Question 13

What is mining the resource?

Answer 13

Exploiting a resource in an unsustainable way

Question 14

What is sustained yield management?

Answer 14

The process of managing a renewable resource to ensure the amount harvested does not cause long-term depletion of the resource. The harvest is equal or less than the amount replenished each year.

Question 15

What are needed resource(s) for farming and the problems associated with it?

Answer 15

A sustainable climate and deep fertile soils.

Problems- soil deterioration, bad farming practices and urban growth reduces amount of farm land.

Question 16

What are the resource(s) needed for forestry and the problems associated with it?

Answer 16

A climate and soils that are appropriate for the type of trees are required.
Problems- poor forestry practices and soil erosion

Question 17

What are resource(s) needed for commercial fishing

Answer 17

Naturally occurring fish stocks needed

Problems- overfishing and pollution in water

Question 18

What are GDDs?

Answer 18

GDDs (growing degree days)- a measure of how warm the growing season is in a given location. The higher the GDD the warmer the climate and the wider range of crops you can grow.

Question 19

What’s a CLI?

Answer 19

CLI (Canadian land inventory)- 7 classes that classify the land soil in Canada and how well it is for farming. Only classes 1-3 are good enough for farming commercial crops (5%)

Question 20

What is intensive and extensive farming?

Answer 20

Intensive- small areas of land that require large amount of labour.
Extensive- large areas of land that require small amounts of labour.

Question 21

What is an old-growth forest?

Answer 21

A forest that has never been logged.

Question 22

What’s aquaculture?

Answer 22

Fish farming.

Question 23

What are inshore fisheries? (explain with detail).

Answer 23

Commercial fishing carried out close to shore in small independently owned boats. Within 16-25km inshore with 85% labour force and 10% total catch. These are owned by individuals and families and fish in the warmer months.

Question 24

What’s an offshore fishery? (Explain with detail).

Answer 24

Commercial fishing carried out farther from shore in larger company owned boats.
They fish at edges of continental shelf for groundfish. 15% labour force and 90% catch. These boats are 50 m or longer and owned by large companies with year round fishing

Question 25

What is an R/P ratio?

Answer 25

The number of years that the reserves of a non-renewable resource will last at current rates of production.

Reserves/production= yrs until gone

Question 26

What is a reserve?

Answer 26

How much of a resource is thought to be in the ground based on exploration date.

Question 27

What is production?

Answer 27

How much of a resource is being taken from the found each year.

Question 28

What is a metallic mineral?

Answer 28

A mineral that yields a metal (iron, gold, copper, uranium). Typically comes from igneous and metamorphic rock.

Question 29

What is a non-metallic mineral?

Answer 29

A mineral that does not change its form when melted (sand, gravel, diamonds, potash, salt, limestone) . Most common in sedimentary rock.

Question 30

What is ore?

Answer 30

A rock that contains enough of a valuable metallic mineral to make mining profitable.

Question 31

What is a mineral reserve?

Answer 31

A mineral deposit that can be mined profitably.

Question 32

How are minerals mined (3 types).

Answer 32

1. Strip mining
2. Open-pit mining
3. Underground mining

Question 33

What’s strip mining?

Answer 33

Cheapest but can only be used for mineral deposits located very close to the surface. Used to extract minerals such as sand, gravel, coal deposits, oil sands. This has the most severe environmental impact since large areas of the land disturbed.

Question 34

What’s open-pit mining?

Answer 34

More expensive than strip mining. Used for minerals relatively close to the surface but deeper than strip mining. (Diamond deposits, oils sands, iron ore deposits.

Question 35

What’s underground mining?

Answer 35

Most expensive mining method. Used to extract potash and valuable ores (gold, nickel, copper). Some mines can be 3000 m deep.

Question 36

How is strip mining done?

Answer 36

1. Overburdened removed
2. Blasting may be necessary to remove some mineral deposits
3. Minerals loaded onto trucks or conveyor belts

Question 37

How is open-pit mining done?

Answer 37

1. Overburden removed
2. 10-15 m holes drilled and filled with explosives
3. Ore loaded onto large trucks

Question 38

How is underground mining done?

Answer 38

1. Mines have shafts accessible by elevators
2. Explosives are used to blast rock
3. Blasted rock moved to an underground crusher

Question 39

What’s a primary industry?

Answer 39

An industry that focuses on produces or extracting natural resources.

Question 40

What’s a secondary industry?

Answer 40

An industry that focuses on making using the products of primary industries.

Question 41

What’s a tertiary industry?

Answer 41

An industry that focuses on providing services.

Question 42

What’s globalization?

Answer 42

The process by which something is done at global rather than a national or local level

Question 43

What’s a knowledge-based industry?

Answer 43

Manufacturing based on the ideas, knowledge and skills of a well educated work force.

Question 44

What’s free trade?

Answer 44

International trade without tariffs or other barriers of trade.

Question 45

What’s a tariff?

Answer 45

A tax applied to goods designed to protect domestic manufacturers by making foreign goods more expensive.

Question 46

What’s comparative advantage?

Answer 46

A situation in which a county is better off focusing its efforts in fields where its most competitive.

Question 47

What’s a basic job?

Answer 47

A job that brings money into an economy from somewhere else.

Question 48

What’s a non-basic job?

Answer 48

A job that circulates money within an economy.

Question 49

What’s the multiplier effect?

Answer 49

The increase in total wealth or income that occurs when new money is injected into an economy.