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Psych > Chapter 7 Pt 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Pt 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is dextromethorphan

A

opioid common in COUGH SYRUP

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2
Q

what is a common cause of morbidity from street heroin use

A

infection secondary to needle sharing

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3
Q

what is seen in opioid intoxication

A 
nausea
vomiting
sedation
decreased pain perception
decreased GI motility
pupil CONSTRICTION
constipation
slurred speech
respiratory depression (can be fatal)
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4
Q

opioids effects on what mediated addictive and rewarding properties

A

dopaminergic systems

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5
Q

what are the most commonly used opioids

A

prescription (not heroin)

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6
Q

MAOI and what opioid can cause serotonin syndrome (hyperthermia, confusion, muscular rigidity)

A

MEPERIDINE

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7
Q

what opioid is exception to opioids causing miosis

A

MEPERIDINE (demerol)

Demerol Dilated pupils

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8
Q

what is the classic triad of opioid overdose

A

Rebels Admire Morphine
Respiratory depression
Altered mental status
Miosis

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9
Q

what is treatment of choice for opioid overdose

A

naloxone

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10
Q

what is seen in opioid withdrawal

A 
ANXIETY
INSOMNIA
ANOREXIA
PILOERECTION
RHINORRHEA
N/V/F
DILATED pupils
YAWNIGN 
abdominal cramps
dysphoria
insomnia
lacrimation
weakness
sweating
arthralgia/myalgia
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11
Q

how does naltrexone work

A

competitive opioid antagonist

precipitates withdrawal if used w.in 7 days of heroin

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12
Q

eating large amounts of what can cause a positive UDS for opioids

A

poppy bengals or muffins

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13
Q

what is methadone

A

long-acting ovoid receptor agonist

administered 1x/day
significantly REDUCES MORBIDITY and MORTALITY in opioid dependent persons

causes QTc PROLONGATION

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14
Q

what is “GOLD-STANDARD” treatment in pregnant opioid dependent women

A

methadone

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15
Q

what is buprenorphine

A

partial opioid receptor agonist

sublingual prep that is SAFER THAN METHADONE

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16
Q

what are some hallucinogenic drugs of abuse

A

psilocybin (mushrooms)
mescaline (peyote)
LSD
do not cause physical dependence or withdrawal
can rarely develop psychological dependence

17
Q

what is an LSD flashback

A

a recurrence of symptoms mimicking prior LSD trip that concurs spontaneously and lasts for minutes to hours

18
Q

what is seen in hallucinogen intoxication

A 
illusions, hallucinations, body image distortion, synesthesia 
labile affect
dilated pupils
tachycardia
hypertension
hyperthermia
tremors
incoordination
sweating
palpitations
19
Q

how long does hallucinogen intoxication last

A

6-12 hours usually but can be days

may have “bad trip” that consisted of marked anxiety, panic, and psychotic symptoms (paranoia, hallucinations)

20
Q

how is hallucinogen intoxication treated

A

monitor for dangerous behavior and reassure patient

use BENZOS first-line for agitation

21
Q

what is the most commonly used illicit substance the world

A

cannabis

active ingredient is THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)

22
Q

what do cannabinoid receptors in the brain do

A

inhibit adenylate cyclase

23
Q

what is dronabinol

A

pill form of THC that is FDA-approved for certain indications

24
Q

what is seen in marijuana intoxication

A 
euphoria
anxiety
impaired motor coordination
perceptual disturbances (slowed time)
mild tachycardia
anxiety
CONJUNCTIVAL INJECTION
dry mouth
increased appetite
25
Q

chronic marijuana use can cause what

A

respiratory problems (asthma, chronic bronchitis)
suppression of immune system
cancer
possible effects on reproductive hormones

26
Q

what is treatment for marijuana intox

A

supportive, psychical intercentions

27
Q

what are withdrawal symptoms of marijuana

A 
irritabiliy
anxiety
resltessness
aggression
strange dreams
depression
headaches
sweating
chills
insomnia
decreased appetite
28
Q

what is treatment of marijuana withdrawal

A

supportive and symptomatic

Psych (35 decks)

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