Magnesium

Question 1

Magnesium: lab

Answer 1

1.5-2.5 mEq/L

Question 2

Magnesium info

Answer 2

produce and use ATP

most in cells

Question 3

where is Mg stored

Answer 3

bones and cartilage

Question 4

how is Mg regulated

Answer 4

GI absorbs

renal excretes

Question 5

why is Mg important in NM functions

Answer 5

blood coagulation

Question 6

how does Mg influence Ca level?

Answer 6

PTH

Question 7

Mg is the ___most abundant ICF cation

Answer 7

second

Question 8

Mg is a coenzyme in the metabolism of ____. and why is it required?

Answer 8

carbohydrate and protein

required: synthesis of nucleic acid and proteins

Question 9

what does Mg do in terms of ion balance

Answer 9

maintain normal Ca and P balance

Question 10

What does the kidney do in terms of Mg

Answer 10

conserve Mg in times of need and excrete excesses

Question 11

Factors that regulate Ca balance similar influences Mg balance. What ions are closely related to P

Answer 11

often mistaken for Ca imbalances

assess Ca, Mg, and K together b/c closely related

Question 12

Hypermagnesemia- Pt at risk- dec renal excretion

Answer 12

common

inc in Mg intake with RF

Question 13

Hypermagnesemia- Pt at risk- over use of Mg antacids

Answer 13

maalox 
mylanta
milk of magnesia (MOM)
riopan 
di-gel
hayley's M-O (laxative) 
magnesium citrate (Laxative)

Question 14

Hypermagnesemia- assessment: excess Mg

Answer 14

dec excitability

Question 15

Hypermagnesemia- assessment: depressed CNS functions

Answer 15

lethargy

Question 16

Hypermagnesemia- assessment: cardiac

Answer 16

dec BP b/c vasodilation: (facial flush, warm, dec HR, weak pulse, dec DTR- lost, weak hand grasps, dec respiration, muscle weakness)

Question 17

Hypermagnesemia- assessment: major route of excretion for magnesium

Answer 17

kidneys

Question 18

Hypomagnesemia: pt at risk: chronic alcoholism

Answer 18

common
dec dietary intake (fasting, starvation, chronic alcoholism)
inc UOP

Question 19

Hypomagnesemia: pt at risk: GI fluid loss

Answer 19

interferes with Mg absorption
vomiting 
diarrhea
NG suctioning 
diuretics

Question 20

Hypomagnesemia: assessment- dec Mg

Answer 20

inc excitability

Question 21

Hypomagnesemia: assessment- confusion

Answer 21

confusion

Question 22

Hypomagnesemia: assessment- inc irritability and contractility

Answer 22

muscle twitching 
tremors, seizures
inc DTR 
numbness, tingling 
cardiac irritability, dysrhythmias

Question 23

Hypomagnesemia: assessment- may occur with hypocalcemia S&S

Answer 23

Mg, Ca, K- all cations

Question 24

hypermagnesemia- Dx

Answer 24

Dec CO related to altered myocardial conduction
ineffective breathing pattern related to respiratory depression
injury related to muscle weakness
injury related to alt LOC
ineffective health maintenance to lack of knowledge of meds

Question 25

hypomagenesemia- Dx

Answer 25

aspiration r/t difficulty swallowing

injury (sz) r/t inc irritability and contractility

Question 26

hypermagnesemia- interventions- Mg free IVF

Answer 26

inc UOP

Question 27

hypermagnesemia- interventions- diuretics- if adequate renal function

Answer 27

dialysis need with RF

Question 28

hypermagnesemia- interventions- diet and drug restriction

Answer 28

diet and drug restriction

Question 29

hypermagnesemia- interventions- monitor

Answer 29

VS
hypotension
shallow respiration 
dec DTR
muscle strength 
calcium levels

Question 30

hypomagnesemia- interventions- Mg replacement

Answer 30

diet, meds (PO/IV)

slow-mag (mg and Ca)

Question 31

hypomagnesemia- interventions- monitor

Answer 31

VS (too rapid admin of Mg can lead to cardiac or respiratory arrest)

Question 32

hypomagnesemia- interventions- safety measures

Answer 32

assess respiratory muscle functioning
laryngeal stridor
assess swallow, dysphagia
assess for dec Ca S&S

Question 33

hypomagnesemia- interventions- when severe hypomagnesemia or hypocalcemia is present

Answer 33

give IV Mg