Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism

Question 1

This microbial enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acid and glycerol

Answer 1

Lipase

Question 2

Two major energy processes in microorganisms?

Answer 2

Cellular respiration and fermentation

Question 3

Define photosynthesis

Answer 3

The conversion of light energy into chemical energy by an organism

Question 4

What is bioremediation?

Answer 4

The use of bacteria to degrade oil contamination. Pseudomonas that naturally occur in the soil can be grown to breakdown oil spills on land

Question 5

Name the sulfur bacteria reaction formula that is similar to photosynthesis

Answer 5

6 moles of carbon dioxide, 12 moles of hydrogen sulfide, and photon of energy yields 1 mole of glucose 6 moles of water and 12 moles of sulfur

Question 6

Heterofermentation

Answer 6

Producing more than one product of fermentation

Question 7

Three factors that affect enzymes?

Answer 7

Temp, pH, and substrate concentration

Question 8

what percentage of energy of glucose is lost as heat in cells

Answer 8

45%

Question 9

name the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

6 moles carbon dioxide, 12 moles of water, and photon of energy yields 1 mole glucose, 6 moles of water, and 6 moles of oxygen

Question 10

This genus of bacteria remove sulfur from oil

Answer 10

R.erythropolis

Question 11

Where does ETC happen in bacteria?

Answer 11

Cell membrane

Question 12

What is anaerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 12

Doesn’t require oxygen, final acceptor is usually an inorganic molecule, usually produces less ATP than aerobic, and causes slower growth

Question 13

What is aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 13

Requires oxygen, final acceptor is oxygen, produces a lot of ATP, and allows for fast growth

Question 14

What is homofermatative?

Answer 14

Producing only one product of fermentation

Question 15

What is fermentation?

Answer 15

The conversion of pyruvic acid into another molecule to make energy

Question 16

Why is pentose phosphate pathway important?

Answer 16

It produces intermediate pentose used to make nucleic acid,amino acids, and glucose from carbon dioxide in photosynthesis

Question 17

Chemoheterotrophs that get nutrients from dead organic matter

Answer 17

Saprophytes

Question 18

How can you test for E. coli O157?

Answer 18

O157 is the pathogenic stain and it doesn’t ferment sorbitol like nonpathogenic E. coli

Question 19

Where does glycolysis happen in bacteria?

Answer 19

Cytoplasm

Question 20

Where does Krebs happen in bacteria?

Answer 20

Cytoplasm

Question 21

How much energy per molecule of glucose for pentose phosphate pathway?

Answer 21

One

Question 22

Important products of anaerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 22

Nitrous oxide, nitrogen gas, sulfur gas, and methane

Question 23

What is deamination and why is it used?

Answer 23

The removal of amino groups from amino acids to make ammonium ions. Proteins are too large to enter bacteria so they need to be broken down

Question 24

What is Beta oxidation?

Answer 24

Breakdown of fatty acids to generate acetyl CoA for the kreb cycle

Question 25

Chemoheterotrophs that get nutrients from a living host

Answer 25

parasites

Question 26

Why is entner-doudoroff pathway important?

Answer 26

It doesn’t require glycolysis or pentose pathway. Also used by rhzobium and agrobacterium which is important in farming