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Anesthesiolgy > Anesthesia Machine > Flashcards

Anesthesia Machine Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of air is O2?

A

21%

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2
Q

What is the metabolic requirement for oxygen?

A

5-10 mL/kg/min

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3
Q

What is the capacity of an E cylinder?

What is the total pressure?

A

660 L

2200 psi

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4
Q

What is the capacity of an H cylinder?

What is the total pressure?

A

6600 L

2200 psi

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5
Q

How would you calculate the remaining O2 in an E cylinder?

How would would calculate the minutes remaining?

A

2200 psi/660 L = psi left in E tank/X L

minutes remaining = X L/flow L/min

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6
Q

What are the functions of the regulator?

A
  • pressure-reducing valve
  • decreases tank pressure to a constant pressure of 50 psi, which is supplied to the flowmeter
  • prevents pressure fluctuations as the tank empties
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7
Q

What are the functions/features of the flowmeter?

A
  • controls rate of gas flow through the vaporizer
  • reduces gas pressure from 50psi to 15psi
  • gas-specific
  • read flow at middle of ball or top of bobbin
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8
Q

What are the functions of the quick flush?

A
  • delivers O2 from the intermediate pressure area of the machine (50psi)
  • bypasses the vaporizer, so contains no anesthetic agent
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9
Q

VOC features

A
  • all modern vaporizers are out of circuit
  • carrier gas is from flowmeter
  • delivers precise anesthetic concentration
  • agent-specific
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10
Q

VIC features

A
  • carrier gas is patient’s expired gases
  • no precise concentration
  • not agent specific
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11
Q

What are the names of the two re-breathing systems?

A

circle

universal F

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12
Q

What is mechanical dead space?

A

the portion of the anesthesia circuit where bidirectional flow is occurring

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of a re-breathing system?

A
  • higher resistance due to valves
  • changes in anesthetic gas concentration occur slowly
  • more components, so more potential for leaks
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14
Q

What are the components of a re-breathing system?

A
  • fresh gas input and O2 flush
  • uni-directional valves
  • breathing hoses
  • CO2 absorber
  • APL pop-off valve
  • reservoir bag
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15
Q

What are the signs of a patient with CO2 absorbent exhaustion?

A
  • increased RR
  • increased HR and BP
  • red mucus membranes
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16
Q

How do you calculate the reservoir bag size for an animal?

A

15 mL/kg x 6

17
Q

For the re-breathing system, what are the oxygen flow rates for induction/recovery and maintenance?
In small and large animals

A 
SA:
- induct/recover = 50-100 mL/kg/min
- maintenance = 20-50 mL/kg/min
LA:
- induct/recover = 20-50 mL/kg/min
- maintenance = 10-20 mL/kg/min
18
Q

What are the components of a non-rebreathing system?

A
  • fresh gas
  • non-rebreathing tubes
  • APL valve, or open/close valve
  • reservoir bag
19
Q

What are the disadvantages of a non-rebreathing system?

A
  • requires high gas flow rates
  • patient breathes cold and dry gas
  • more expensive
  • increases environmental pollution
20
Q

What are the advantages of a non-rebreathing system?

A
  • light, minimal dead space, and minimal resistance
  • concentration of anesthetic gases change rapidly
  • fewer components, so fewer potential for leaks
21
Q

What is the oxygen flow rate for a non-rebreathing system?

A

300 mL/kg/min

22
Q

Which workups should be done before anesthesia for young, healthy animals?

A

PCV, TP, glucose, BUN

also CBC for dogs

23
Q

What does it mean to be classified ASA 2?

A
  • mild systemic disease, anemia, or fever
  • pregnancy
  • moderate obesity
  • systemic diseases well controlled
  • no functional limitations
24
Q

What does it mean to be classified ASA 3?

A
  • moderate to severe systemic disease
  • functional limitations
  • poorly controlled systemic disease
  • morbid obesity
  • moderate heart disease
  • some colic horses
25
Q

What does it mean to be classified ASA 4?

A
  • severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life

- life threatening functional limitations

26
Q

What does it mean to be classified ASA 5?

A
  • moribound patient not expected to survive 24 hours
  • end stage of shock
  • multiple organ/system dysfunction
  • massive trauma

Anesthesiolgy (10 decks)

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