Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AB 2nd Year Anatomy > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

name all the endocrine glands

A

hypothalamus

pituitary

parathyroid and thyroid glands

suprarenal glands

pancreas

ovaries/testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the diencephalon consist of?

A

thalamus and hypothalamus (thalamus is posterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 3 components of the brainstem?

A

midbrain

pons

medullaoblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?

A

infindibulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where does the pituitary lie?

A

in the sella turcica, inferior to the optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what effect does a midline pituitary tumour have on the visual pathway

A

bitemporal haemanopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

two surgical approaches to the pituitary fossa?

A

transcranial and transsphenoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what forms the superior part of the nasal septum?

A

perpendicular part of the ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

cribiform plate of the ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what forms the inferior part of the nasal septum?

A

vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what concha does the ethmoid bone give rise to?

A

super and middle nasal concha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which concha is considered a bone itself?

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 4 sinuses and the bones that form them?

A

frontal sinuses - frontal bone

maxillary - maxilla

ethmoidal air cells - ethmoid

sphenoid - sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where (specifically) are the sphenoid sinuses located?

A

in the body of the sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how many groups of ethmoidal air cells are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the name of the tough roof or dura mater over the pituitary fossa?

A

diaphragm sellae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the entire cranial cavity lined with?

A

dura mater

18
Q

what is the name of the tough sheet of dura mater over the cerebellum? what is the gap in it for?

A

tentorium cerebelli to allow the brainstem to pass through

19
Q

what do the dural venous sinuses drain into and where?

A

internal jugular veins at the jugular foraminae in the floor of the cranial fossa

20
Q

what surround the pituitary gland?

A

anterior intercavernous sinus

right and left cavernous sinuses

21
Q

where does the isthmus of the thyroid lie?

A

anterior to the 2nd and 3rd cartilages of the trachea

22
Q

what direction will a thyroid lump move on swallowing?

A

superiorly then inferiorly, with the larynx

23
Q

what nerve supplies the platysma muscles?

A

CN7

24
Q

what does prevertebral fascia enclose?

A

cervical vertebrae

postural neck muscles

25
Q

what does investing fascia enclose?

A

trapezius

SCM

all other compartments

26
Q

what do the carotid sheaths enclose?

A

IJV

carotid arteries

vagus nerves

deep cervical lymph nodes

27
Q

what does pretracheal fascia enclose?

A

strap muscles

thyroid gland

trachea

oesophagus

recurrent laryngeal nerves

28
Q

where is the retropharyngeal space?

A

between the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia

29
Q

trapezius muscle (attachments nerve supply)

A

inferiorly : spine of scapula and lateral end of clavicle

superiorly : skull, nuchal ligament and the spinous processes of C7-T12.

innervation : CN11

30
Q

SCM (attachments nerve supply)

A

sternal head : manubrium of sternum

clavicular head : medial end of the clavicle superiorly

(both) : mastoid process of temporal bone

innervation : CN11

31
Q

arterial supply of thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

inferior and superior thyroid arteries

(inferior from subclavian, superior from external carotid)

32
Q

venous drainage of thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins

(coming from the internal jugular veins)

33
Q

lympatic drainage of thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

superior deep cervical nodes

inferior deep cervical nodes

34
Q

what are the tracheal lymph nodes?

A

pretracheal and paratracheal

35
Q

branches of the vagus nerve (3) and location?

A

superior laryngeal nerve (larynx)

right recurrent laryngeal nerve (recurs under subclavian artery)

left recurrent laryngeal nerve (recurs under arch of aorta)

SOMATIC

36
Q

name the 4 strap muscles?

A

sternohyoid

thyrohyoid

omohyoid (superior and inferior belly - inferior attaches to scapula)

37
Q

where is the thyroidectomy incision made? what structures does it go through?

A

superior to the clavicles and jugular notch

through skin and platysma

38
Q

what does injury of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve cause and why?

A

paralysis of vocal cord as it provides somatic motor supply to skeletal muscles that move the R vocal cord

39
Q

what does unilateral injury of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve cause?

A

hoarseness

40
Q

what does bilateral injury of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve cause ?

A

aphonia and inability to close rima glottidis (cannot produce a good cough)

AB 2nd Year Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions