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OS IV > osteopathic approach to the pediatric pt (Patty 2) > Flashcards

osteopathic approach to the pediatric pt (Patty 2) Flashcards

1
Q

primary flexion curves of thoracic and pelvis caused by what

A

flexion position of the embryo

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2
Q

extension curves in the ___ and ___ regions are due to

A

cervical and lumbar
functional muscle development
erectero spinae muscles

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3
Q

C spine has slight lordosis which increases when

A

as baby can support their own head

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4
Q

by week 24 fetal weeks spinal cord ends at __
at birth ___
in adults ___

A

S1
L3
L1

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5
Q

ribs and diaphragm in infant

A

ribs begin anterior
diaphragm inserts horizontally on inner surface of ribs

both become more oblique with aging

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6
Q

what helps to protect the CNS during vaginal delivery

A

frontal, maxilla, mandible

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7
Q

infants are born with ___ fontanels

name them

A

anterior
posterior
2 mastoid
2 sphenoid

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8
Q

posterior fontanel closes when

A

by 2 months of life

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9
Q

anterior fontanel closes when

A

by 2nd year of life

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10
Q

occipital changes

A

flexion of the basicranium
30 degres in infants
51 degrees in adult

this flexion creates supralaryngeal space, affects speech, greater in adults so can speak

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11
Q

occiput has __ parts

A

4

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12
Q 
temporal changes (petrous part)
how many parts at birth?
growth does what?

what cranial nerves pass through it?

A

3 parts at birth
growth of petrous portion rotates external auditory meatus into the sagittal plane

tips eustachian tube from horizontal position to an oblique angle

CN III-XII

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13
Q

which cranial bone is most susceptible to dysfunction at birth

A

occiput

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14
Q

what cranial nerves may be injured during forceps delivery and why

A

CN VI and VII

mastoid process not formed completely which usually protects

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15
Q

what CNs may be impinged by occipital bone dysfunction

what problem with each

A

9-12

IX- poor sucking
X- excessive vomiting
XI- colic, poor sucking (occipital temp bone dysfunction)
XII- poor sucking bc of tongue dysfunction

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16
Q

temporal bone: ____ associated with increased incidence of otitis media

how to diagnose

A

internal rotation

cradle occiput and place fingers on mastoid portion of SCM attachment

if one side more prominent then internal rotation of temporal bone on that side

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17
Q

ossification increases and some bones become fused

what age?

A

toddlers (1-4)

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18
Q

cranium fully ossified
epiphyseal plates still open
growing bones from long bone growth
possible leg length discrepancy

age?

A

school age children

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19
Q

3 types of growth areas bones

A

epiphyseal growth plate

epiphysis/articular surface

apophysis

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20
Q

epiphyseal growth plate made of

A

hyaline cartilage

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21
Q

epiphysis/articular surface made of

A

hyaline cartilage

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22
Q

apophysis made of, can create

A

fibrocartilage

creates bony tubercles

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23
Q

avulsion fractures are more common in pediatric pts bc of what

A

unossified apophysis

-apophysitis

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24
Q

more vulnerable to loading and compression

A

hyaline cartilage

25
Q

more vulnerable to tensile forces and shearing

A

fibrocartilage

26
Q

MSK tissue most vulnerable to mechanical forces when

A

during periods of growth

27
Q

most common cause of scoliosis

A

idiotpathic

28
Q

USPSTF guidline scoliosis

A

do not screen asymptomatic pts

29
Q

AAPG guideline scoliosis

A

no recommendation aginst scoliosis

30
Q

when to screen kids for scoliosis and how often

A

females: 2x ages 10-12
males: 1x ages 13-14

31
Q

HVLA and children

A

rarely necessary

may be contraindicated in anyone with hypermobile joints

32
Q

ME and children

A

may be difficult bc cannot follow direction

33
Q

regardless of technique of OMT on children ____ is important

A

localization

34
Q

neurologic modality treatment

A 
cranial
chapman
counterstrain
ME
exercise
35
Q

respiratory circulatory treat

A

lymphatics
visceral
cranial
respiratory diaphragm release

36
Q

metaboic/nutritional treat

A

lymphatics
visceral techniques
lifestyle changes

37
Q

good cranial technique treatment to use in children with poor suckling, constipation, birth trauma with vomiting, crying,

A 
condylar decompression (occipital release basically) 
BMT
38
Q

OMT for MSK: joints

A

evaluate at least the joints above and below the joint in questionl

39
Q

CP: appendix
ant
post

A

anteiror: tip of 12th rib
post: TP T11 on R

40
Q

CP: intestines
ant:

A

anteriorly just below ASIS

41
Q

CP: colon

A

along the IT band

42
Q

CP: rectum

A

anteriorly: just below lesser trochanter of femur

43
Q

OMT for poor suclke/feeding

A

cranial: condylar decompression

44
Q

OMT for GERD

A

cranial

OA, AA, T5-9

45
Q

OMT for constipation

A

viscerosomatic
pelvic innominate
mesenteric release

46
Q

OMT for respiratory complaints

A

viscersomatics
head and neck sympatghitic T1-4
parasymp: nose CN VII
OA and AA- vagus

47
Q

CP: nasal sinuses
Anterior
Posterior

A

anterior inferomedial clavicle, lateral to SC junction (nasal)
superior second rib at midclavicular line (all sinuses)

posterior: bottom edge of C1 pillar

48
Q

CP larynx
anterior
postiero

A

anterior: superior second rib, just medial to sinuses CR
posterior: just lateral to spinuous process of C2 (larynx, pharynx, tongue, all sinuses

49
Q

CP: pharynx
anterior
posterior

A

anterior: inferior first rib at SC junction
posterior: just lateral to spinous process of C2

50
Q

CP:tonsils

anterior

A

ant: lateral manubrium

51
Q

CP: middle ear
anterior
posterior

A

anterior: superior clavicle, about 2-3 cm lateral to SC junction
posterior: base of occiput at OA joint

52
Q

what kind of dysfunction in asthma for rib

A

inhalation

53
Q

OMT for gyno pts

levels of each

A

viscerosomatics

symp:
uterus: T9-L2
ovaries: T10-11
uterine/Fallopian tubes: T10-L2

parasymp
S2-4

54
Q

chapman pt uterus
ant
post

A

ant: superior edge of inferior pubic ramus
post: transverse process of L5/ lateral sacral base b/l

55
Q

CP: ovaries
ant
post

A

ant: superior pubic ramus, 2 cm lateral to pubic symphysis
post: lateral body of T10

56
Q

vagina/uterus/broad ligament

posterior

A

just lateral to sacral base

57
Q

vagina/clitoris

posterio

A

medial thigh just inferior to ischial tuberosities

58
Q

CP: fallopian tubes

posterior

A

PSIS

posterior femoral head

59
Q

OMT for dysmenorrhea

A

thoracic, lumbar, pelvic dysfunction
OA/AA for associated HA
myofacial to abdominal wall and uterus

OS IV (5 decks)

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