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Buzz Words > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

third person hallucinations

A

schizophrenia

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2
Q

mesocortical dopamine hypoactivity

A

negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia

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3
Q

subcorticol dopamine hyperactivity

A

psychosis

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4
Q

dopamine pathways in the brain

A

tuberoinfundibular (concerned with prolactin release), nigrostriatal (extra pyramidal motor movements), subcortical and mesocortical (sometimes known as mesolimbic system) (motivation and reward). The latter is dysregulated in schizophrenia

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5
Q

Mesolimbic
Da Blockage
Da angonism

A

depression

psychosis

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6
Q

Clozapine side effect

A

clozapine does cause agranulocytosis, cardiomyocitis but it also causes a lot of weight gain (second to olanzapine, which causes the most weight gain of the atypical anti-psychotics)

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7
Q

When is someone put on clozapine?

A

need to try 2 other anti-psychotics and be a consultant to prescribe. Lots of monitoring once a week for the first 6/12, then once every 2 weeks for the next 6/12 then every four weeks thereafter and one month after discontinuation.

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8
Q

Limbic system functions

A

M2OVE - Motivation, memory, olfaction, visceral afferents and Emotion

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9
Q

Brain changes in schizophrenia

A

reduced frontal lobe volume (and grey matter), enlarged lateral ventricles, reduced grey matter in the temporal cortex.

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10
Q

What is pressure of thought?

A

varied ideas in abundance (characteristic of mania but can also be seen in schizophrenia

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11
Q

What is poverty of thought?

A

patient reports lack/absence of thoughts

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12
Q

What is thought blocking?

A

abrupt and complete interruption of stream (strong associated with schizophrenia)

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13
Q

What is flight of ideas?

A

Quickly moving from one topic to another but there is a link unlike in knight’s move thinking where there does not appear to be a link between point A and point B - seen in bipolar during manic phase

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14
Q

What do you treat EPSE with?

A

Procyclidine

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15
Q

What is the amygdala?

A

Part of the brain involved in normal response to threat

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16
Q

What is the PFC (pre frontal lobe) involved in?

A

Dampens down amygdala response to threat (fewer connections, less effective)

17
Q

Management of OCD

A
  1. SSRI
  2. SSRI
  3. TCA or SSRI
  4. SSRI or TCA - (TCA used is clomipramine) so essentially an SSRI and if there is a partial response at any of those points, consider CBT as an adjunct
18
Q

What is the IQ for a borderline learning disability?

A

70-80 ish

19
Q

What is the IQ for mild learning disability?

A

50-69

20
Q

What is the IQ for moderate learning disability?

A

35-49

21
Q

What is the IQ for severe learning disability?

A

20-34

22
Q

What is the IQ for profound learning disability?

A

<20

23
Q

What is Beck’s triad?

A

-ve feelings about self, world and future

24
Q

What medications characteristically cause psychotic symptoms?

A

NMDA Antagonists

25
Q

What medication should be used for alcohol withdrawal?

A

chlordiazepoxide ( 30mg QDS, 25mg QDS, 20 mg QDS, 15mg QDS, 10mg QDS, 10mg TDS, 10mg BD, 10mg OD - nocte)

26
Q

With alcohol withdrawal, what is the time frame for seizures to occur?

A

48 hours

27
Q

What is Delirium Tremens and in what time frame does it occur in alcohol withdrawal?

A

A psychotic condition typical of withdrawal in chronic alcoholics, involving tremors, hallucinations, anxiety and disorientation. Occurs within 48-72 hours

28
Q

There is a risk of hypertensive crisis with MAOIs, (interactions with tyramine containing foods, ephidrine, nasal decongestants, TCAs, pethidine) how is this treated?

A

Phenotlamine

29
Q

When should TCAs be avoided?

A

In patients with cardiac problems or patients with suicidal intent

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