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Anatomy II Unit 2 > Gross brain > Flashcards

Gross brain Flashcards

1
Q

internal carotid a. enters ____ and makes 90 degree turn and then goes superior to _____

A

carotid canal; foramen lacerum

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2
Q

internal carotid a. then enters _____

A

cavernous sinus

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3
Q

internal carotid a. supplies _____

A

anterior and middle brain

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4
Q

vertebral a. ascends through ____ of ____

A

transverse foramina; C6 and above

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5
Q

vertebral a. makes a 90 degree turn and enters _____ and joins opposite vertebral a. to form _____

A

foramen magnum; basilar a.

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6
Q

vertebral a. supplies :

A

posterior brain

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7
Q

internal carotid a. branches

A

ophthalmic aa.
anastomosis with posterior communicating aa.
terminates as middle and anterior cerebral aa.

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8
Q

branches of vertebrobasilar system supply:

A

medial and inferior surfaces of temporal and occipital lobes; branches also go to rostral midbrain and posterior diencephalon

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9
Q

vertebral aa. give off:

A

anterior and posterior spinal aa.

PICA

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10
Q

anterior and posterior spinal aa. supply

A

anterior 2/3 of spinal cord and posterior 1/3 of spinal cord

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11
Q

PICA supplies:

A

posterior cerebellum and lateral medulla

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12
Q

basilar a. gives off:

A

AICA
labyrinthine aa. and pontine aa.
superior cerebellar aa.

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13
Q

AICA supplies:

A

anterior portions of inferior cerebellum and caudal pons

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14
Q

SCA supplies:

A

superior cerebellum, caudal midbrain, and rostral pons

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15
Q

bones that make up the anterior cranial fossa

A

frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid

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16
Q

bones that make up the middle cranial fossa

A

sphenoid, parietal and temporal- petrous portion

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17
Q

bones that make up the posterior cranial fossa

A

(sphenoid) temporal, parietal, and occipital

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18
Q

dural vasculature branches

A

middle meningeal a.
ethmoidal a. - anterior supply
occipital a. - posterior occipital branches
ascending pharyngeal a. - posterior supply
vertebral a. - around foramen magnum

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19
Q

3 functions of the brain

A

stimulates movement
maintains homeostasis
produces thought

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20
Q

tiny fold of brain on the cerebellum

A

folium (folia)

21
Q

frontal and parietal lobe functions

A

primary motor and personality area

primary sensory and integration area

22
Q

occipital and temporal lobe functions

A

occipital- primary vision area

temporal- auditory, speech, olfactory, and memory areas

23
Q

cerebellum function

A

fine motor coordination

24
Q

pons function

A

CN nuclei and tracts between cerebrum and cerebellum

25
Q

medulla oblongata function

A

blood pressure and respiration

26
Q

corpus callosum and thalamuc functions

A

CC- fibers connecting cerebral hemispheres

thalamus- relay station for all senses except olfaction

27
Q

hypothalamus function

A

center for autonomic and endocrine functions

28
Q

pituitary gland function

A

“master gland” for homeostasis

29
Q

pineal gland function

A

center for sleep-wake cycles

30
Q

mammillary bodies function

A

nuclei related to emotions

31
Q

CN III is usually found between ____ and ____

A

posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar aa.

32
Q

CN VI is usually found between ___ and ____

A

AICA and labyrinthe aa.

33
Q

foramina of the anterior cranial fossa

A
  1. cribriform plate of ethmoid bone- CN I (olfactory n.) fibers
  2. foramen cecum (emissary v. from nasal cavity to SSS)
  3. anterior ethmoidal foramen (na and v)
  4. posterior ethmoidal foramen (na and v)
34
Q

structures pass through cavernous sinus on either side of the ____ that sits in the ____

A

pituitary gland; hypophyseal fossa

35
Q

contents of the cavernous sinus in the middle cranial fossa

A

optic canal- CN II and ophthalmic a.
superior orbital fissure- CN III, IV, V1, and ophthalmic vv.
foramen rotundum- V2
foramen ovale- V3 and accessory meningeal a.
foramen spinosum- middle meningeal a.
foramen lacerum- fibrocartilage (IC crosses over it)

36
Q

___ in the cavernous sinus is superior and medial to the sinus/walls

A

CN II

37
Q

2 additional structures you can see in the cavernous sinus

A
  1. anastomosis between ICAs (anterior supply) and vertebral aa. (posterior supply) - at posterior communicating aa.
  2. structures entering the orbit
38
Q

foramen of the posterior cranial fossa

A

internal acoustic meatus (VII and VIII)
jugular foramen (IJV and CNs IX-XI)
foramen magnum- spinal cord, vertebral aa., accessory n. (CN XI)
hypoglossal canal - CN XII

39
Q

2 layers of dura mater

A

periosteal layer - rough outer layer adherent to skull, forming endocranium or inner periosteum
meningeal layer- smooth inner layer covering arachnoid mater

40
Q

layers of dura separate to from ____

A

venous sinuses

41
Q

principal contribution to dural vasculature is ____ that has anterior and posterior branches

A

middle meningeal a.

42
Q

veins of the meninges drain to ____

A

pterygoid venous plexuses

43
Q

frontal branch (anterior) of middle meningeal a. passes deep to ____ bony structure

A

pterion

44
Q

tearing of middle meningeal a. leads to ____

A

epidural hematoma (arterial bleeding between dura and skull)

45
Q

anterior/middle cranial fossa and tentorium cerebelli are innervated by:

A

meningeal branches of V1, V2, and V3

46
Q

____ fibers innervate the posterior cranial fossa floor and walls

A

C2, C3

47
Q

____ is a dural fold found between brain and pituitary gland

A

diaphragma sellae

48
Q

dural venous sinuses receive venous drainage from brain and skull via ____, ____, and ____ vv; blood entering sinuses flows posterior and inferior to drain to ____

A

cerebral; cerebellar; emissary ; IJV

49
Q

____ from subarachnoid space drain into the superior sagittal sinus; interruption of these vessels will cause _____

A

bridging vessels; subdural hematoma

Anatomy II Unit 2 (14 decks)

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