Variation Flashcards
What are the five kingdoms? What special about each?
Plants multicellular autotrophs (make their own food)
Animals multicellular heterotrophs (find food)
Fungi cell wall multicellular saprotrophs
Protoctists unicellular but have a nucleus (algae)
Prokaryotes unicellular and don’t have a nucleus e.g. Bacteria
How are animals divided ?
Vertebrates and invertebrates.
Vertebrates have a backbone or supporting rod (Chordata)
How are vertebrates divided and into which categories?
They are divided on how they regulate body temperature (pikoiothermic or homeothermic)
If they lay eggs (oviparous ) or give birth (viviparous)
How they breath ( gills or lungs or through skin)
The main categories are reptiles birds mammals fish amphibians
How to determine if animals in the same species?
They can interbreed
What is the binomial name
Two parts the genus and species and it describes the organism
What is e difference between genetic and environmental variation?
The combining of two parents genes creates a unique gene set , this gives characteristics such as eye colour blood group and inherited diseases
Environmental variation is dependent upon external forces, I.e loosing your toes in a piranha attack
What’s the difference between continuous and discontinuous variation?
Continuous variation has no set categories and can be anything within a range . Discontinuous variation has distinct categories for example eye colour
How have organisms adapted to live in the deep sea
Some have lights to attract prey, huge mouths for sweeping up particles of food, many have feelers to help them detect prey
How is the polar bear adapted?
White fur for camouflage
Black skin to absorb heat
Wide paws to distribute weight so it can walk on ice
Round shape gives a small surface area to volume ratio reducing heat loss.
Blubber for insulation.
Describe the process of natural selection
Individuals in the same group are not the same due to genetic variation . They have to fight for food, the animal best adapted to collect the food has an advantage and is more likely to survive and produce offspring. This offspring is also likely to have the adaptation, slowly the other animals will loose the battle for food and die leaving only the adapted.
How do scientists validate each other’s work
Scientific journals. Peer review and conferences
What is an allele
Different versions of the same gene one from dada one from mum.
Characteristics of sickle cell anemia
Caused by half moon shaped blood cells, can get stuck depriving the body of oxygen . Symptoms include tiredness painful joints and muscles. Caused by a recessive allele
Characteristics of cystic fibrosis
Genetic disorder results in the body producing lots of mucus . Can cause breathing difficulties and lung infections.
