Chapter 6 Key Terms

Question 1

The principle that physiological changes occur in direct proportion to imposed exercise stimulus is called?

Answer 1

SAID principle. specific adaptation of imposed demands.

Question 2

The ability to respond with an appropriate muscular response to an exercise stimulus without hesitation?

Answer 2

quickness

Question 3

The ability to create large amount of force in short amount of time

Answer 3

Power

Question 4

A disturbance in equilibrium; shaking

Answer 4

perturbation

Question 5

in order to create physiological changes, an exercise stimulus must be applied at a greater intensity than the body is used to

Answer 5

overload principle

Question 6

the straight ahead velocity of an individual

Answer 6

speed

Question 7

heartbeats per minute (heart contractions) while body is at rest?

Answer 7

RHR resting heart rate

Question 8

a complete movement of a single exercise

Answer 8

repetition

Question 9

unstable yet controllable environment

Answer 9

proprioceptivelly enriched environments

Question 10

group of successive repetitions

Answer 10

set

Question 11

The specific muscular contractions using different speeds and patterns to increase neuromuscular efficiency

Answer 11

neuromuscular specificity

Question 12

rationale for challenging kinetic chain with a wide variety of exercises and stimuli

Answer 12

principle of variation

Question 13

a complex interaction involving the muscular system, PNS, CNS to obtain balance or postural control

Answer 13

sensorimotor control

Question 14

ability of nervous system to gather and interpret information to anticipate and execute proper motor response

Answer 14

sensorimotor integration

Question 15

rationale for challenging the kinetic chain with a wide variety of exercises and stimuli

Answer 15

principle of variation

Question 16

ability to prepare, maintain, anticipate, and restore stability of the entire human movement system

Answer 16

postural stability

Question 17

excessive frequency, volume, intensity of training, resulting in fatigue, caused by lack of rest and recovery

Answer 17

OTS overtraining syndrome

Question 18

ability to maintain equilibrium in place with no external forces

Answer 18

static balance

Question 19

ability of neuromuscular system to provide internal tension and exert force against external resistance.

Answer 19

strength

Question 20

the distance covered with each stride

Answer 20

stride length

Question 21

number of strides in a given time or distance

Answer 21

stride rate

Question 22

the point during graded exercise at which ventilation increases disproportionately to oxygen uptake, signifying a switch from predominately aerobic energy production to anaerobic

Answer 22

ventilatory threshold. tvent

Question 23

highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at max physical exertion

Answer 23

VO2max

Question 24

also called plyometric training, involves eccentric contractions followed by quick explosive concentric contractions

Answer 24

reactive training

Question 25

flexibility exercises in which agonists move a limb through a full range of motion, allowing the antagonists to stretch

Answer 25

active isolated stretching

Question 26

the components that specify how each exercise is to be performed

Answer 26

acute variables

Question 27

2nd stage of GAS where physiological changes occur to meet demands of newly imposed stress

Answer 27

adaptation phase

Question 28

the ability to maintain center of gravity over a changing base of support while changing direction at various speeds

Answer 28

agility

Question 29

1st stage of GAS initial phase of response to new stimuli in human movement system

Answer 29

alarm phase

Question 30

2nd phase of integrated performance paradigm requiring an isometric muscle contraction

Answer 30

amortization phase

Question 31

point during high intensity activity when the body can no longer meet its demand for oxygen and anaerobic metabolism predominates, also called the lactate threshold.

Answer 31

anaerobic threshold

Question 32

process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to comtract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle

Answer 32

autogenic inhibition

Question 33

ability to maintain body’s center of gravity within its base of support

Answer 33

balance

Question 34

a series of exercises performed in order to ensure a full body resistance training session combined with cardiorespiratory exercise.

Answer 34

circuit training

Question 35

flexibility training that is applied with goal of improving muscle imbalances and correcting altered joint mechanics

Answer 35

corrective flexibility

Question 36

ability to maintain equilibrium through the intended path of motion when external forces are present

Answer 36

dynamic balance

Question 37

multiplanar extensibility with optimal neuromuscular control through a full range of motion

Answer 37

dynamic stretching

Question 38

the third stage of GAS in which stress continues beyond the body’s ability to adapt, leading to potential physiological and structural breakdown

Answer 38

exhaustion phase

Question 39

the number of activation signals sent to a single motor unit in 1 second

Answer 39

firing frequency

Question 40

how the kinetic chain responds and adapts to imposed demands. how the body responds and adapts to stress

Answer 40

general adaptation syndrome

Question 41

enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers in response to overcoming force from high volumes of tension

Answer 41

hypertrophy

Question 42

comprehensive training approach that combines all components necessary to help a client achieve optimum performance

Answer 42

integrated training