exam1-ch.6 buddhism

Question 1

the word Buddha means

Answer 1

enlightened one

Question 2

what was revealed to Gautama after his period of meditation under the fig tree

Answer 2

desire binds people to the endless cycle of birth and death

Question 3

five ascetics who at first spurned Gautama later accepted his teachings and formed the first Buddhist monastic order known as the

Answer 3

Sangha

Question 4

people who joined the Buddha as monks shaved their heads and wore coarse yellow robes. What was their only possession

Answer 4

a bowl they carried when they begged for food

Question 5

the buddha had several unique teachings what was one of them

Answer 5

the should did not exist

Question 6

what is the goal of basic Buddhist practice

Answer 6

the extinguishing of desire

Question 7

the buddha taught that the person who follows the eighth fold path will break the bonds that tie that person to lie and he or she will achieve release from the cycle. this release is known as

Answer 7

nirvana

Question 8

according to the Buddha people live in a state of absence of enduring souls called

Answer 8

anatman

Question 9

one who has followed the eightfold path and has arrived at the point of achieving nirvana is called a saint or

Answer 9

arhat

Question 10

at an early point, buddhism divided into two major campus, which in turn subdivided into numerous sects. the two major divisions of buddhism are called

Answer 10

Theravada and Mahayana

Question 11

what event following the death of the Buddha gave early Buddhism its greatest impetus

Answer 11

the conversion of Asoka the emperor of India, to Buddhism

Question 12

the smaller and more conservative wing of Buddhism is known as Hinayana (the exclusive way). what is the only remaining Hinayana school

Answer 12

Theravada

Question 13

besides India, which country boasts the longest history of Buddhism

Answer 13

Sri Lanka

Question 14

according to Theravada Buddhism, people must achieve enlightenment for themselves, without reliance on the gods or anyone else. For this reason this ideal lifestyle is that of a

Answer 14

monk

Question 15

if a Thervadad Buddhist cannot or will not become a monk, what will that persons role be

Answer 15

that person will be a layperson who supports the needs of the monks

Question 16

although the gods are of minor consequence in Theravada Buddhism, what have become important objects of devotion to followers

Answer 16

Relics of the life of the Buddha

Question 17

for Theravada Buddhists, what is one of the most important ways of making merit

Answer 17

offering food to monks

Question 18

Theravada Buddhist monks cultivate the types of mental states and knowledge that lead towards enlightenment by

Answer 18

mediating and studying buddhist scriptures

Question 19

Mahayanists developed a class of beings who could provide help for humans struggling with the problems of life. what was this class called

Answer 19

bodhisattvas

Question 20

in one sect of Mahayana Buddhism a “cosmic Buddha” named Amitabha presides over a western paradise called

Answer 20

pure land

Question 21

one of the buddhist sects that believe the truths of religion come through a sudden flash of insight or intuition is called

Answer 21

zen

Question 22

what do Tibetan Buddhists consider important

Answer 22

llamas and prayer wheels

Question 23

which sect features riddles called Koans

Answer 23

Zen Buddhism

Question 24

during which buddhist festival do families leave gifts of food for wondering spirits

Answer 24

the festival of souls

Question 25

at which festival do Theravada Buddhists celebrate the sending fourth of the first buddhist missionaries in the days of Asoka

Answer 25

the robe offering

Question 26

which buddhist holiday lasts three days and has a carnival-type atmosphere

Answer 26

new year

Question 27

after centuries of no great movements or changes in buddhism, the religion began to revive again during which century

Answer 27

20th

Question 28

what role did the rise of asian nationalism have o the revival of buddhism since world war 2

Answer 28

with the collapse of colonial empires, new Asian nations took pride in being Buddhist

Question 29

What event caused many Vietnamese, Thai, Lao, and Khmer Buddhists to emigrate to the US and other western nations

Answer 29

the vietnam war

Question 30

after a long period of reflection beneath a fig tree, Gautama experienced a revelation. What was it

Answer 30

people are bound to the endless cycle of birth and death by desire

Question 31

a central Buddhist belief concerns the Four noble truths, all of which deal with suffering. Ultimately what will lead to the cessation of suffering

Answer 31

following the eightfold path

Question 32

the buddha understood life in Hindu religious categories and taught his followers using those categories and vocabulary. Which statement reflects his most influential philosophical difference from the beliefs of Hinduism

Answer 32

people must find their own enlightenment

Question 33

what was the event that essentially precipitated Buddhisms split into two major camps, one conservative and other liberal

Answer 33

at the second council of Buddhism, a conservative minority declared the majority of Buddhists to be heretics

Question 34

why was the indian emperor Asoka’s decision to spread Buddhism to other countries the religions salvation

Answer 34

Buddhism virtually ceased to exist in India, its country of origin, centuries later, making its existence elsewhere even more important

Question 35

why do laypeople often visit and make offerings at the Theravada Buddhist shrines called pagodas

Answer 35

to pay their respects to the ideas of Buddhahood and Nirvana

Question 36

while Mahayana Buddhism became a great success as a missionary religion in the East and southeast Asia, Buddhism was gradually dying in India, why?

Answer 36

Buddhism suffered from absorption by Hinduism because Hinduism was able to incorporate the distinctive qualities of both Jainism and Buddhism

Question 37

Which idea prompted by the Mahayama sect did more the most to broaden the appeal of Buddhism

Answer 37

there are many Budd has located in different parts of the cosmos all of whom are capable of helping people on the path of enlightenment

Question 38

historically what has been the role of the Dalai Lama in Tibetan Buddhism

Answer 38

he is the leader of the yellow Hat order and by virtue of his position is essentially the ruler of Tibet

Question 39

how has the socially engaged buddhism movement encouraged the revival of buddhism during the last century

Answer 39

to many people, buddhism message of peace and tolerance seems to fit the religious needs of the modern world