MSK - Hip Anatomy Flashcards
What are the three bones called that join together to form the pelvis?
Ilium, ischium and pubis
What are the three main ligaments in the hip?
Ileofemoral ligament, pubofemoral ligament, ischiofemoral ligament
What are the primary hip flexors?
Psoas major and iliacus
What is the main hip extensor?
Gluteus maximus
What are the hip abductors?
Gluteus medius and minimus
What are the hip adductors?
Pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis
Which are the muscles that are primarily responsible for internal rotation of the hip?
Gluteus medius and minimus
Why is there not a lot of muscular support for internal rotation of the hip?
It is not usually performed against resistance
When a hip injury has occurred, should the stick be used on the same side of the body as the injury or the opposite side?
The opposite side
Define osteoarthritis
Degenerative joint disease - a clinical syndrome of joint pain accompanied by functional limitation and reduced quality of life. Often affects hips, knees and small joints of hands
What is the difference between primary and secondary osteoarthritis?
Primary OA - etiology is unknown
Secondary OA - etiology is known
Give some causes of secondary osteoarthritis
- trauma
- previous joint disorders
- developmental dysplasia of hip
- infection
- gout
- haemophilia
There are many more
Give some risk factors for arthritis
- obesity
- past injury to a joint
- occupational factors
- genetics
Give some signs and symptoms of arthritis
- joint pain
- crepitus
- joint deformity
- osteophytes present
- joint stiffness
What are the four cardinal signs of arthritis on an X-ray?
- subchondrial sclerosis
- osteophytes
- narrowing of joint space
- subchondrial cysts
