CAUSES World War I

Question 1

Three Emperor’s League

Answer 1

LT - Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary; made to isolate France, 1873

Question 2

Dual Alliance

Answer 2

LT - Germany, Austria-Hungary; made to help each other if attacked by Russia, 1879

Question 3

Three Emperor’s Alliance

Answer 3

LT - Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary; promised neutrality if one country went to war with another power, 1881

Question 4

Triple Alliance

Answer 4

LT - Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary; promised assistance if 2 or more attacked one of the powers, 1882

Question 5

Reinsurance Treaty

Answer 5

LT - Germany, Russia; aimed to avoid the risk of war on two fronts, 1887

Question 6

Anglo-French Entente

Answer 6

LT - Britain, France; aimed to settle colonial disputes, 1902

Question 7

Long-Term: MAIN

Answer 7

Militarism
Alliance System
Imperialism
Nationalism

Question 8

Weltpolitik

Answer 8

LT - lapse of Reinsurance Treaty resulted in

• France not being isolated
• Germany being vulnerable on two fronts
• focused on making Germany a colonial power

Question 9

Social Darwinism

Answer 9

LT - belief that Western civilization must spread; expansionism is “God’s work”

Question 10

Jameson Raid

Answer 10

LT - Cecil Rhodes tried to overthrow the Boer government, Kaiser Wilhelm sent a telegram to Kruger (Boer leader), congratulated him on ‘preserving the state’. British saw it as German meddling in private affairs.

Question 11

Naval Race

Answer 11

LT - increased tensions that contributed to Britain’s willingness to go to war

Question 12

Tensions in the Balkans

Answer 12

LT - Turkey, Austria-Hungary, Russia all wanted to expand to the Balkans before 1914.

Question 13

Bosnian Crisis

Answer 13

ST - internal crisis caused by Young Turks revolting in Ottoman Empire; Russia forced to accept Austria-Hungary’s annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina

Question 14

1st Moroccan Crisis

Answer 14

ST - Germans announced support of Moroccan Sultan in order to retain independence; failed to undermine Anglo-French Entente and instead strengthened it; key threat to British affairs, 1905

Question 15

2nd Moroccan Crisis

Answer 15

ST - Germans saw French helping Sultan as Moroccan takeover; sent German gunboat to Agadir to persuade French into cooperating; implied threat of war; increased tensions between Britain and Germany, 1911

Question 16

Gunboat Diplomacy

Answer 16

diplomacy that implied threat of war; so named after 2nd Moroccan Crisis

Question 17

First/Second Balkan Wars

Answer 17

ST - 1912/1913; Austria ended up convinced that it had to crush Serbia. First: Serbia, Greece and Montenegro formed Balkan Alliance to drive Turkey out from Balkans; resulted in creation of ALBANIA: A/H’s effort to contain Serbia. Second: Bulgaria went to war against Serbia + Greece; resulted in Serbia’s victory and expansion.

Question 18

July Crisis

Answer 18

1914; assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Principe of the Black Hand movement

Question 19

Blank Cheque

Answer 19

Kaiser issued unconditional support to Austria on 5th July 1914

Question 20

Ultimatum

Answer 20

Austria issued demands to Serbia on the assumption that Serbia would never agree to them anyway, resulted in war.