Properties And Used Of Crude Oil

Question 1

What is the name of all the hydrocarbons in crude oil?

Answer 1

Alkanes

Question 2

What are alkanes made up from?

Answer 2

Chains of carbon atoms surrounded by hydrogen atoms

Question 3

What do different alkanes have?

Answer 3

Different chains of different lengths

Question 4

What are the first four alkanes?

Answer 4

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

Question 5

What are the formulas for the first for alkanes?

Answer 5

CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10

Question 6

What happens with bonds in hydrocarbons?

Answer 6

Carbon atoms form four bonds
Hydrogen atoms only form one bond
When all bonds have been filled the alkane is saturated

Question 7

What is the general formula for an alkane?

Answer 7

CnH2n+2

Question 8

What are the properties of shorter hydrocarbons?

Answer 8

The more runny the hydrocarbon is 
More volatile (lower temperature at which that fraction vaporises or condenses

The lower it’s boiling point

More flammable

Question 9

What does the use of hydrocarbons depend on?

Answer 9

It’s properties?

Question 10

The Refinery gas fraction has the shortest molecule what does this mean?

Answer 10

It had the lowest boiling point (gas at room temp)

Used as bottled gas

Question 11

The petrol fraction has longer molecules what does this mean?

Answer 11

It has a higher boiling point
Petrol is a liquid ideal for storing in tank of cars as it can flow to the engine where it’s easily vaporised to mix with the air before it’s ignited

Question 12

How does the viscosity help decide how hydrocarbons are used?

Answer 12

The really gloop viscous hydrocarbons are used for lubricating engine Parts and for covering roads