Cytotoxic Drugs Flashcards
what is the cytotoxic drug classification
cell cycle specific
non-cell cycle specific
what are characteristics of cell cycle specific drugs
Tumour specific (relatively)
Duration of exposure more important than dose
what are examples of cell cycle specific agents
Methotrexate
Hydroxyurea
what are characteristics of a non-cell cycle specific drugs
Non-tumour specific; damage normal stem cells»_space; can lead to a secondary malignancy
Cumulative dose more important than duration
what are general side effects of cytotoxic drugs
Affects rapidly dividing organs
- Bone marrow suppression»_space; can lead to infection due to neutrophilia
- Gut mucosal damage
- Hair loss (alopecia)
what are examples of specific drug side effects
Vinca alkaloids: neuropathy
Anthracyclines: cardiotoxicity
Cis-platinum: nephrotoxicity
what are long term side effects of cytotoxic drugs
Alkylating agents
- Infertility
- Secondary malignancy
Anthracyclines
- cardiomyopathy
when does chemo fail
slow tumour doubling time
tumours “sanctuaries”
why is CLL difficult to treat
mutations in P53
what prophylactic drugs are given to people of chemotherapy
Prophylactic anti fungal drugs
- itraconazole or posaconazole
what can be given to Tx Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Bleomycin
what can be given in high grade B cell NHL
Rituximab
how does CML progress
Chronic phase»_space; accelerated phase»_space; blasts crisis
