ENT - neck examination Flashcards
1
Q
Steps of this examination
A
Inspection
Palpation
2
Q
What are you looking for on inspection?
A
Redness Any obvious swelling Any scars Any other abnormalities Remember to look from the front and at the sides
3
Q
When palpating ensure the patients neck is relaxed/stretched?
A
Relaxed
4
Q
What is palpated?
A
Lymph nodes
Thyroid gland
5
Q
What lymph nodes are you examining?
A
Submental Submandibular Pre-auricular Post-auricular Anterior chain Posterior chain Occipital Supraclavicular
6
Q
When palpating the thyroid gland, what else do you ask the patient to do?
A
Swallow,
the thyroid should move with swallowing
7
Q
Assessing a neck lump
A
Location Size Shape Consistency Fluctuance Transillumination Pulsatility Temperature Overlying skin changes Is it intradermal or subdermal
8
Q
Suggestion for further examination
A
Thyroid status exam
Examining oral cavity
USS of lesion
9
Q
Midline lesions
A
Lymph nodes Lipoma Sebaceous cyst Thyroid gland Thyroglossal cyst Thyroid nodule
10
Q
Anterior triangle lesions
A
Lymph nodes Lipoma Sebaceous cyst Salivary gland swelling Branchial cyst Carotid aneurysm Carotid body tumour Laryngocele
11
Q
Posterior triangle lesions
A
Lymph nodes Lipoma Sebaceous cyst Subclavian artery aneurysm Pharyngeal pouch Cystic hygroma (most common on left) Branchial cyst
12
Q
Red Flags
A
Hard fixed mass >35yo Presence of mucosal lesion in head or neck History of hoarseness or dysphagia Trismus Ear pain
