Week 3 Beauchamp and childress, sokolowski Flashcards
Utilitarianism (act vs rule)
the greatest good for the greatest number
Act- strict utilitarianism
Rule- utilitarianism with absolute moral rules
Kantian deontology (categorical imperatives)
Every moral choice is dictated by duty and moral obligation
Categorical imperative 1: never treat individuals only as a means to an end and 2: universality - if everyone does the act, is it still ok
Rights theory
Positive and negative rights
Positive rights
right to have something (goods or services)
Negative rights
Right to be free of something
Prima fascia
generalizes positive and negative rights (at face value)
Absolute rights
there are no exceptions to the rights
Virtue theory
“What would a virtuous person do” - Aristotle. Balance between virtue and vice. Relies on mentors and elders.
Natural law
Thomas Equinas. 3 ends: non-human, human artifacts, humans.
Telos
Ends
Ends
ends belong to things themselves (human, non-human, human artifacts)
purposes
purposes belong to humans specifically; they are intentions, things we wish for
Ends
ends belong to things themselves (human, non-human, human artifacts)
purposes
purposes belong to humans specifically; they are intentions, things we wish for
