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M2F > Derm Pharm 2 > Flashcards

Derm Pharm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

drugs for psoriasis

A
  • acitretin
  • tazarotene
  • calcipotriene, calcitriol
  • cyclosporine
  • PUVA therapy
  • methotrexate
  • biologic response modifiers
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2
Q

Acitretin

A
  • tx severe psoriasis

- teratogenic

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3
Q

Tazarotene

A
  • psoriasis, acne, photoaging

- active metabolite binds to retinoic acid R’s

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4
Q

Calcipotriene, calcitriol

A
  • synthetic vit D3- regulates skin cell prod and prolif

- tx plaque-type psorasis

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5
Q

Cyclosporine

A
  • inhibits calcineurin- inhibits transcription of IL-1 and 2 R’s- blocks T-cell act
  • psoriasis, RA, crohn’s dz, liver/heart/kidney/BM transplants
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6
Q

Methotrexate

A
  • inhibits DHFR, and suppresses immunocompetent skills in skin
  • psoriasis, mult cancers, RA
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7
Q

Biologic response modifiers used to treat psoriasis

A
  • Alefacept
  • TNF inhibitors
  • Ustekinumab
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8
Q

Alefacept

A
  • immunosuppressive dimeric fusion protein- consists of CD2-binding portion of human leukocyte fxn ag-3 linked to FC portion of human IgG1
  • interferes w lymphocyte act
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9
Q

TNF inhibitors

A
  • Etanercept- binds to 2 molecules of TNF
  • Infliximab- binds to TNF
  • Adalimumab- binds to TNF
  • evaluate for TB prior!!!
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10
Q

Ustekinumab

A
  • IgG1k monoclonal ab- binds to IL-12 and 23- inhibits TH1 and 17 cell-mediated responses
  • serious allergic rxns- angioedema, anaphylaxis
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11
Q

Anti-infl agents

A

-topical corticosteroids

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12
Q

Topical corticosteroids

A
  • immunosuppressive and anti-infl
  • systemic tx is reserved for severe dermatological illnesses
  • hydrocortisone (lowest efficacy), prednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone, mometasone, triamcinolone, clobetasol propionate (highest efficacy)
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13
Q

Keratolytic and destructive agents

A
  • peeling agent- causes softening and dissolution or peeling of stratum corneum and epidermis
  • salicylic acid
  • fluorouracil
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14
Q

Salicylic acid

A
  • acne, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, hyperkeratosis

- toxicity can occur

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15
Q

fluorouracil

A

-inhibits thymidylate synthetase and blocks syn of DNA and RNA

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16
Q

Antipruritic agents

A

-antihistamines

17
Q

Antihistamines

A
  • H1-R antagonists
  • first generation- diphenhydramine, promethazine- some anticholinergic activity (sedating)
  • second gen- no anticholinergic SEs, nonsedating- cetirizine,loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine hydrocloride
18
Q

Trichogenic and Antitrichogenic agents

A
  • Minoxidil
  • Finasteride
  • Bimatoprost
  • Eflornithine
19
Q

Minoxidil

A

(Rogaine)

-used for androgenic alopecia and hair transplantation

20
Q

Finasteride

A

(propecia)

  • tx androgenic alopecia and BPH
  • inhibitor of type 2 steroid 5alpha-reductase- blocks T to DHT in prostate gland, seminal vesicles, epididymis, liver, and hair follicles
  • SEs- dec libido, ED
21
Q

Agents for Melanoma

A
  • BRAF inhibitors- vemurafenib, dabrafenib, trametinib
  • Ipilimumab
  • Pegylated interferon
22
Q

BRAF inhibitors

A
  • tx metastatic melanoma w BRAF mutations
  • Vemurafenib, dabrafenib- kinase inhibitors of BRAF V600E mutation- inc risk of new primary cutaneous malignancies
  • Trametinib- kinase inhibitor of BRAF B600E and K- inc risk of cardiomyopathy
  • all assoc w serious hypersensitivity rxns
23
Q

Ipilimumab

A
  • CTLA-4 blocker ab
  • tx unresectable or metastatic melanoma
  • can cause severe immune-mediated adverse reactions due to T-cell act and prolif
24
Q

Pegylated interferon

A

-adjuvant tx of stage III node-positive melanoma

25
Q

Other antineoplastic agents

A
  • alitretinoin
  • bexarotene
  • vismodegib
  • vorinostat and romidepsin
26
Q

alitretinoin

A

-tx cutaneous lesions in pts w AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma

27
Q

Bexarotene

A
  • binds and activates retinoid X R subtypes
  • tx cutaneous T cell lymphoma
  • teratogenic
  • can inc triglycerides and chol
28
Q

Vismodegib

A
  • hedgehog pathway inhibitor

- tx metastatic BCC or locally advanced BCC

29
Q

Vorinostat and romidepsin

A
  • histone deacetylase inhibitor

- tx cutaneous T cell lymphoma

30
Q

Antiseborrhea agents

A

-tx dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis)

M2F (15 decks)

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