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Anatomy > Nervous System Quiz > Flashcards

Nervous System Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic functions of the nervous system?

A

Receive input, integrate input, and respond to stimuli.

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2
Q

direct connections

A

nerves

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3
Q

what are the major divisions of the NS?

A

Central and Peripheral

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4
Q

PNS contains what?

A

nerves connecting CNS to muscles/organs

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5
Q

CNS contains what?

A

brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

What are the two divisions of the PNS?

A

Sensory/afferent & Motor/efferent

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7
Q

Sensory neurons do what?

A

carry impulses TO the brain

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8
Q

Motor neurons do what?

A

carry impulses FROM the brain

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9
Q

What are the two subdivisions of motor neurons?

A

Somatic NS and Autonomic NS

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10
Q

Somatic NS…

A

voluntarily controls our skeletal muscles

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11
Q

Autonomic NS…

A

regulates involuntary events

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12
Q

What is nervous tissue made up of?

A

Neuron and the supporting cell (neurolgia)

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13
Q

What does the neuroglia (glial cells) do?

A

Supports, insulates, and protects neuron.

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14
Q

What are the CNS glial cells?

A

Astrocytes, microglia, ependymal, and oligodendrocytes

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15
Q

Astrocytes…

A

protect neuron from harmful stuff in blood

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16
Q

Microglia…

A

dispose of debris

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17
Q

Ependymal…

A

help to circulate cerebrospinal fluid

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18
Q

Oligodendrocytes…

A

insulate cover of neuron, aka myelin sheaths

19
Q

What are the PNS glial cells?

A

Schwann cells and satellite cells

20
Q

Schwann cells…

A

form myelin sheath

21
Q

Satellite cells…

A

act as protective skeleton

22
Q

What are the 5 basic components of a nerve cell?

A

Cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, and axon terminals

23
Q

Cell body…

A

is the metabolic center, aka soma

24
Q

Dendrites…

A

convey incoming messages to cell body

25
Q

Axon…

A

generates impulses and conducts them away from the cell body

26
Q

Axon terminals…

A

contain neurotransmitters

27
Q

Myelin sheath…

A

covers the axon

28
Q

What are the neurons that connect the CNS to the body?

A

Sensory/afferent ,motor/efferent, interneuron/associate

29
Q

What are the types of neurons?

A

Multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, and pyrmidal

30
Q

Why don’t adults have bipolar neurons?

A

Because, as kids we are still learning and memorizing different smells and sounds, etc.

31
Q

What are the two major functions of neurons?

A

Irritability and conductivity

32
Q

Irritability is…

A

the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into a nerve impulse

33
Q

conductivity is…

A

the ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons, muscles, or glands

34
Q

Neurons are stimulated by…

A

neurotransmitters

35
Q

Action potential reaches axon terminal then…

A

the neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse and binds to receptors on membrane of next neuron

36
Q

An impulse only moves in one direction across the synapse…

A

from axon to dendrites or cell body

37
Q

What are communications between neurons?

A

reflexes

38
Q

What are reflexes?

A

Rapid, predictable, and involuntary responses to stimuli

39
Q

Reflexes occur over…

A

neural pathways called reflex arcs

40
Q

What are the two classes of reflexes?

A

Somatic or autonomic

41
Q

somatic reflexes…

A

stimulate skeletal muscles (voluntarily- I choose to type)

42
Q

autonomic reflexes…

A

regulate activity of involuntary events

43
Q

What are the five elements of reflexes?

A

Sensory receptor, sensory input, integration center, motor output, and effector organs

Anatomy (6 decks)

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