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Microbiology Exam II > Exam II Microbiology: Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Exam II Microbiology: Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

an organism that must obtain its carbon in an organic form

A

Heterotroph

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2
Q

an organism that uses inorganic CO2 as its carbon source

Has the capacity to convert CO2 into organic compounds

Not nutritionally dependent on other living things

A

Autotroph

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3
Q

Bacteria that live under extreme pressure

These bacteria are so strictly adapted to high pressures that they will rupture when exposed to normal atmospheric pressure.

A

Barophiles

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4
Q

prefer high concentration of salt

A

Halophiles

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5
Q

live in habitats with high solute concentration

A

Osmophiles

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6
Q

require very high levels of salt to grow

A

Extreme halophiles

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7
Q

require moderate to high levels of salt to grow

A

Obligate halophiles

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8
Q

can grow in moderate levels of salt but can also grow without it

Example: Staphyloccocus

A

Facultative halophiles

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9
Q

organisms that thrive in acidic environments

A

Acidophiles

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10
Q

grows in acid pools between pH 0 and 1

A

Euglena mutabilis

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11
Q

lives in coal piles at a pH of 1 or 2

A

Thermoplasma

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12
Q

thrives at a pH of 7, but can live at a pH of 0

A

Picrophilus

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13
Q

organisms that thrive in alkaline conditions

A

Alkalinophiles

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14
Q

Euglena mutabilis

Thermoplasma

Picrophilus

are examples of?

A

Acidophiles

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15
Q

live in hot pools and soils at pH 12

A

Natromonas

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16
Q

can create alkaline conditions to neutralize urine and colonize and infect the urinary system

A

Proteus

17
Q

Natromonas

Proteus

are examples of?

A

Alkalinophiles

18
Q

organisms that grow best at a higher CO2 tension than is normally present in the atmosphere

A

Capnophiles

19
Q

What grows optimally at temperatures greater than 45°C, lives in soil and water associated with volcanic activity, compost piles, and in habitats directly exposed to the sun?
Also varies in heat requirements with a range of growth of 45°C to 80°C

A

Thermophile

20
Q

Majority of medically significant microorganisms

Grow at intermediate temperatures between 20°C and 40°C

Inhabit animals and plants as well as soil and water in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions

Human pathogens have optimal temperatures between 30°C and 40°C

are examples of?

A

Mesophiles

21
Q

Grow slowly in the cold but have an optimum temperature between 15°C and 30°C

A

Psychrotrophs

22
Q

Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes are able to grow at refrigerator temperatures and cause food-borne disease. They are examples of?

A

Psychrotrophs

23
Q

Storage at refrigerator temperature incubates rather than inhibits them

Natural habitats of psychrophilic bacteria, fungi, and algae are lakes, rivers, snowfields, polar ice, and the deep ocean.

Rarely pathogenic

What am I?

A

Psychrophiles

24
Q

unable to grow outside of a living host

A

Obligate parasites

25
Q

live within cells such as the leprosy bacillus and the syphilis spirochete

A

Intracellular parasites

26
Q

live in the organs and tissues

A

Endoparasites

27
Q

live on the body

A

Ectoparasites

28
Q

cause damage to tissues or even death

A

Pathogens

29
Q

Derive nutrients from the cells or tissues of a living host

A

Parasites

30
Q

What am I?

Free-living organisms that feed on organic detritus from dead organisms

Decomposers of plant litter, animal matter, and dead microbes

Recycle organic nutrients

A

Saprobes

31
Q

Uses sunlight for energy but get carbon from organic molecules

Includes purple and green photosynthetic bacteria

A

Photoheterotroph

32
Q

Derives both carbon and energy from organic compounds

Processes these molecules through respiration or fermentation

Include protozoans, fungi, animals and many bacteria

A

Chemoheterotrophs

33
Q

microbes that use light energy and carbon dioxide to produce organic molecules. Use the process of photosynthesis. Include plants, algae and cyanobacteria

A

Phototroph (photoautotroph)

34
Q

microbes that use chemical energy to make organic molecules from inorganic compounds (like carbon dioxide). Include only certain bacteria that live on methane or in deep sea vents

A

Chemotroph (chemoautotroph)

35
Q

Chemotroph (chemoautotroph) and Phototroph (photoautotroph) are examples of?

A

Autotrophs

Microbiology Exam II (4 decks)

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